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Chapter 13

Chapter 13. Condolences and Commemoration. Music Honoring Casualties. September 11, 2001 – one song featured in many memorial services was “God Bless America”, composed by Irving Berlin in 1938 Arrangement by Daniel Rodriguez, a former NYC firefighter

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Condolences and Commemoration

  2. Music Honoring Casualties • September 11, 2001 – one song featured in many memorial services was “God Bless America”, composed by Irving Berlin in 1938 • Arrangement by Daniel Rodriguez, a former NYC firefighter • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ3YC6Xv74E

  3. Music Honoring Fallen Heroes • Taps – a song frequently heard at memorial services for fallen uniformed personnel (military, police, firemen, etc.), short piece usually played by a single trumpet or bugle • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQ_DCCFFkwA • Tomb of the Unknown Soldier • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYZgbgJdvc0

  4. Bagpipe music – esp. at memorial services for firefighters and police officers, tradition from Scottish immigrants who became firefighters when they came to America • Drone – a continuous note of fixed pitch serving as permanent bass • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO5y2O_hv3I

  5. Honoring a Fallen leader • 11-23-1963 – JFK’s funeral, musical selections were Chopin’s Funeral March and Navy Hymn (Eternal Father, Strong to Save) • Opus – a term designating a musical work or set of works • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZY5DBmgC_A • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDjwUzUnNpU

  6. New Orleans Funeral Parade • Music cultures of European descent, African Americans, and Creoles • Funeral parades were documented as early as 1820 • March to the graveside is accompanied by a DIRGE – a slow, mournful hymn or lament • March from the graveside is upbeat and celebratory

  7. Balinese Cremation Ritual • After a period of burial, the bones of the dead are collected and prepared for cremation. Coffins are brightly colored and made to resemble bulls, cows, or other animals • Music is provided by gamelan gambang – a Balinese sacred instrumental ensemble

  8. African American Spirituals • Many are about coping with loss and “crossing over to the promised land” • Many of the spirituals have a double meaning – “promised land” could mean Heaven, but it could also be “code” for freedom, Northern land • River Jordan – Ohio River (freedom) • “band of angels” – people along the Underground Railroad that helped slaves reach freedom • Moses – Harriet Tubman

  9. Individual Voices • Loss in Wartime – after the Civil War especially remembering soldiers who died “Vacant Chair” by George Frederick Root • Death of a Princess – Princess Diana (1997) – Elton John’s tribute – took “Candle in the Wind” and changed the lyrics to fit Princess Diana “Goodbye England’s Rose” • Contrafactum – compositional technique of writing new lyrics to an existing melody

  10. Loss of a Child – Eric Clapton – for his son “Tears in Heaven”, Steven Curtis Chapman – for his daughter “Heaven is the Face”

  11. Responding to Loss • Written by teacher from the Bronx, Abel Meeropol in response to a photograph of the lynching two African Americans “Strange Fruit” as a poem, later as a song • Meeropol introduced the poem/song to Billie Holiday, jazz singer, she later released

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