Author : Lillian Schlissel Genre: Expository Nonfiction

1. Author: Lillian Schlissel Genre: Expository Nonfiction Big Question: What does it mean to be a pioneer?

2. Review Games • Story Sort VocabularyWords: • Arcade Games • Study Stack • Spelling City: Vocabulary • Spelling City: Spelling Words

3. Spelling WordsWords with ci and ti

5. Concept Vocabulary • herd– to care for and drive cattle • legend– a person whose achievements and deeds are a part of history • rugged– rough, sturdy, hardy, and strong • scout – person sent to find out what the enemy is doing • (Next slide)

6. herd

7. rugged

8. scout

9. Concept Vocabulary (To add information to the graphic organizer, click on end show, type in your new information, and save your changes.)

10. Build Concept Vocabulary herd, legend, rugged, scout American Frontier

11. Cause and Effect, Prior Knowledge

12. Prior KnowledgeName important events you know about the Civil War and the nation’s growth in the years that followed. Date

13. VocabularyWords

14. Vocabulary Words Test – Friday, Jan. 24th • bondage – being held against your will under the control of another; slavery • commissioned – holding a rank of second lieutenant or above in the U.S. Army • earthen – made of earth, soil, or earth • encounter – meet unexpectedly; meet in a battle • homesteaders – persons who own and live on land granted by the U.S. government • settlement – group of buildings and the people living in them

15. More Vocabulary Words • golden – yellow • package – wrapped box • disappointment – discouragement • frozen – frigid • passage – voyage • refreshment – food or drink

16. bondage

17. earthen

18. settlement

19. desolate

20. homesteaders

21. sharecroppers

22. Cause and Effect • A cause is what makes something happen. • An effect is something that happens as a result of a cause. • Sometimes several causes lead to one effect.

23. Cause and Effect • Clue words and phrases, such as consequently, as a result, and therefore, can help you spot cause-effect relationships. • Sometimes, though, there are no clue words.

24. Author’s Viewpoint/Bias • A viewpoint is how a person looks at the world. Every person has his or her own individual viewpoint of events, people, and ideas.

25. Author’s Viewpoint/Bias • A bias is a slant. If a person is biased about a topic, he or she has a slanted view of that topic. Being biased is the opposite of being objective.

26. Context Clues • You can use context clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words. • List any unfamiliar words you find while reading Black Frontiers. • Create a chart showing the unfamiliar word, helpful context clues, and the definition of the word based on its context.

27. How can you keep track of the information you find while doing research, reading a story, or studying? • Taking notes is a good way to record your findings, as well as sort and remember information.

28. Note Taking • In doing research, keep key words and questions in front of you so that you can refer to them and remember to make notes about them. • Paraphrase, or state the information in your own words.

29. Note Taking • Use keywords, phrases, or short sentences. • Synthesize, or combine, the information to include only important details.