1 / 24

Innovation systems and technological transitions – towards a common framework

Innovation systems and technological transitions – towards a common framework. Workshop Zurich, April 16, 2007. Jochen Markard Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (CIRUS). Background. Literature on innovation systems and technological transitions Largely separate strands of literature

molimo
Download Presentation

Innovation systems and technological transitions – towards a common framework

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Innovation systems and technological transitions – towards a common framework Workshop Zurich, April 16, 2007 Jochen Markard Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (CIRUS)

  2. Background • Literature on innovation systems and technological transitions • Largely separate strands of literature • Common theoretical roots • Directed at closely related research questions • Aim of the talk • Focus on TIS and MLP • Concentrate on complementary key issues • Output towards TIS concept

  3. Two perspectives on transformation • Focus on specific innovation processes • How do radical innovations emerge and develop? • What drives, what hinders a new technology? • How to create supportive institutions or to stabilize emerging paths? • Focus on broader transition processes • How do socio-technical transitions come about? • What are the drivers, the barriers? • How to destabilize established paths and enhance variety?

  4. Perspectives and frameworks • Focus on specific innovation processes • Strategic niche management • Technological innovation systems (TIS) • Focus on broader transition processes • Technological regimes and paradigms • Multi-level perspective (MLP) • Ideally: Complementary empirical insights • Open question: towards a common framework or keep concepts separately?

  5. TIS: open issues • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  6. Focus: national, sectoral, technological SSI1 SSI2 NSI1 NSI2 NSI3 SSI3 SSI4

  7. Focus: national, sectoral, technological SSI1 TIS often have an internation or global character (Hekkert et al., in press)but national / regional analyses may still be justified (Bergek et al. 2005) SSI2 NSI1 NSI2 NSI3 SSI3 TS1 SSI4 TS1

  8. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  9. Level of aggregation UPS Base load power supply PAFC Control &monitoring Peak loadheating SOFC … Fuelreformer Cellstack DC/ACconverter Metering devices Heatexchanger …auxiliarycomponents

  10. System delineation • Level of aggregation ( fuel cells example) • one knowledge field – related fields • broad range of applications – specific one • Level of analysis • here: technology / knowledge field vs. product (Carlsson et al. 2002, Bergek et al. 2005) • Two general approaches • Delineation depends on the research questionBergek et al. 2005: boundary setting as a process • ‘System boundaries are somehow out there‘Carlsson et al. 2002: e.g. technology distance indicators;Edquist 2005: define system boundaries in terms of activities

  11. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  12. System concept • Technological system“network of agents interacting in a specific economic / industrial area under a particular institutional infrastructure and involved in the generation, diffusion and utilization of technology”(Carlsson & Stankiewicz 1991) • generation of (new) technology includes radical novelties • diffusion and use of technology  focus on existing technology, incremental improvements • „innovation process“ perspective vs.„production process“ perspective

  13. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS Life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  14. TIS minimum conditions (draft) • Variety of different actors (different strategies, different capabilities) • Division of innovation tasks among actors (supply chain, networks) • Variety of institutions that have emerged from within the system • Early market(s) and competition • Several application contexts or niches

  15. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS Life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  16. Landscape The environment of the TIS ComplementaryTIS Focal technological innovation system CompetingTIS Regime2 Regime1

  17. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS Life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  18. TIS: beginning and ending Degree of technology diffusion regime SSI TIS stabilized TIS niche, network Time Minimum conditions fulfilled

  19. Technological innovation systems • How to define and delineate a system? • Focus: national, sectoral, technological • Level of aggregation / delineation • System concept (overall function) • Are there minimum conditions for a system? • How to conceptualize the environment? • TIS Life cycle - beginning and ending? • How to deal with actors, actor strategies and agency?

  20. Facilitate actor oriented analyses • TIS: actors are key element, different from institutions • Definition of development goal can be used to identify „system actors“ a set of networks of actors and institutions that jointly interact in a specific technological field and contribute to the generation, diffusion and utilization of variants of a new technology and/or a new product • Analysis of innovation activities e.g. on the basis of innov. strategies • Analysis of innovation potential  e.g. on the basis of resources (and strategic intentions)

  21. Wrap up • TIS – MLP: common interests, similar challenges (e.g. delineation) and different weaknesses • Elements of both concepts can be defined in a way as to complement each other • MLP  TIS • Elaborate conceptualization of system environment • TIS  MLP • Explicit actor concept • Mutual benefits • Delineation issues • Qualitative differences between niche, TIS and regime

  22. Relation of concepts SSI1 SSI2 TS1 TS2

  23. Comparison of concepts

  24. How to define a regime? • Proxy for sectors? (Geels 2006) • electricity regime, water supply regime, housing regime • Highlight societal function • ‘Conceptual use’ • Distinguish characteristics of ‘competing’ regimes,e.g. private automobile regime vs. public mass transport • Compare regime and niche characteristics • Challenge: different levels of aggregation • Regime of centralized electricity supply • Nuclear power vs. fossil fuel vs. renewables regime • Wind power regime, onshore vs. offshore regime ...

More Related