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Overview: Literature & Philosophy of the 17 th century.

Overview: Literature & Philosophy of the 17 th century. Print and review handout on blog. Literary works of the 17 th c. were influenced by the attitudes fostered by the new science AND by traditional medieval and religious values. Cervantes ( Don Quixote )

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Overview: Literature & Philosophy of the 17 th century.

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  1. Overview:Literature & Philosophy of the 17th century. Print and review handout on blog.

  2. Literary works of the 17th c. were influenced by the attitudes fostered by the new science AND by traditional medieval and religious values.

  3. Cervantes (Don Quixote) a) Groundbreaking = ordinary people/characters in the novel b) Chivalry = traditional values vs c) Realism, which represented new science • William Shakespeare a) profoundly interested in human nature b) explored a character’s “mind” • John Milton (Paradise Lost) a) about the fall of man b) heavily influenced by religion

  4. Philosophy The primary objective of most philosophers was to resolve the tension between the new science and religious belief. What was this tension? • New conception of the universe (a rational, natural order that man could explain using reason) b) A new conception of God (rational)

  5. Francis Bacon vs. Rene Descartes • Bacon a) science had a practical purpose & its goal was human improvement b) championed desirability of innovation and change c) inductive reasoning • Rene Descartes a) “I think, therefore I am” b) deductive reasoning

  6. Blaise Pascal • Baruch Spinoza Thomas Hobbes vs. John Locke Leviathan Essay Concerning Human Understanding

  7. Witchcraft

  8. I. Overview • During the 16th & 17th centuries, between 100,000 and 200,000 people were officially tried for witchcraft • Between 40,000 and 60,000 people were executed for witchcraft. 3. Elderly, widowed women were the most likely to be accused of witchcraft. 4. Occurred throughout Europe – except Spain. Why not Spain?

  9. II. Why did witch hunts occur? • Belief in Magic a) “cunning folk” in villages b) explained natural phenomena • Social and economic stress caused by: a) crop failures b) religious wars c) epidemic d) many claimed their enemies were witches

  10. Church made distinction b/t “good” and “bad” magic a) Good = b) Bad = • Malleus Maleficarum a) b) c)

  11. III. Why Women? • Misogyny: a) b) c)

  12. Social/Economic Reasons a) b) c)

  13. IV. Decline of Witch Hunts & Panics 1. New 2. • Protestants emphasized • Religious wars came to an end – restored social stability.

  14. Film clip from Monty Python

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