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Chapter 25 Lesson 2

Chapter 25 Lesson 2. What Alcohol does to the Body. What Alcohol Does to the Body. Short Term Effects of Alcohol. Brain – Alcohol reaches the brain almost immediately Depresses the activity of the brain Slows the work of the Central Nervous System

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Chapter 25 Lesson 2

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  1. Chapter 25 Lesson 2 • What Alcohol does to the Body

  2. What Alcohol Does to the Body

  3. Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Brain – Alcohol reaches the brain almost immediately • Depresses the activity of the brain • Slows the work of the Central Nervous System • Thought process are disorganized, memory and concentration are dulled

  4. Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Liver – In process called oxidation, alcohol changed to water, carbon dioxide and energy • Liver can oxidize 1/3 to ½ ounce of alcohol an hour • No way to speed up process • Cold shower, coffee will not counter the effects

  5. Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Blood vessels – Blood carries alcohol to all parts of the body, including heart, liver and brain • Blood vessels dilate, or widen, increases blood flow to skin and makes it feel warm and flush • Causes body to lose heat through radiation and body temperature decreases • Increases risk of hypothermia

  6. Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Kidneys – Alcohol effects pituitary gland, which acts on the kidneys, causing them to produce more urine • This is reason people feel dehydrated after heavy drinking

  7. Short Term Effects of Alcohol • Stomach – Alcohol immediately absorbed into blood stream • Food can slow process, bt will not stop effects • Alcohol increases flow of gastric juices • This can irritate stomach lining and can cause bleeding

  8. Driving Under the Influence • DWI – Driving while intoxicated • BAC – Blood alcohol concentration- amount of alcohol in blood • Signs of intoxication begin at .02

  9. Driving Under the Influence • Reduces ability to judge distances, speeds and turns • Reduces ability to judge accurately one’s own capabilities and limitations • Increases the tendency to take risks • Shows reflexes • Adds to forgetfulness to take precautions such as using signals when turning • Reduces the ability to concentrate

  10. Consequences of DWI • Leading death among teenagers • 11 teens killed and 350 injured every day • 50% of all fatalities of innocent passengers caused by drunk driver

  11. Other Costs of DWI • Immediate confiscation of driver’s license • Arrest, trip to jail, court appearance, and fine • Possible suspension of driver’s license • Possible mandatory jail sentence • Cost of bail to get out of jail • Higher insurance rate • Possible lawsuits

  12. Efforts to Reduce DWI • Legal limit of 0.1 or 0.08 – for drunk driving • M.A.D.D. – Mothers against drunk driving • S.A.D.D. – Students against destructive behavior • Designated drivers

  13. Long Term Effects of Drinking • Vitamin deficiency • Stomach and skin problems • Loss of appetite • Permanent damage to liver and Central nervous system

  14. Long Term Effects of Drinking • Brain damage – Alcohol use may decrease brain size • Destroys brain cells Loss of intellectual abilities, such as memory and problem solving • Can interfere with everyday functions

  15. Chronic Liver Problems • Alcohol interferes with the liver’s ability to break down fats • Increased amount of fat prevents liver from functioning normally • Interferes with growth of new liver cells

  16. Chronic Liver Problems • Prolonged, heavy use leads to Cirrhosis-(scarring) • Liver tissue is damaged and replaced by scar tissue • Hepatitis – Inflammation or infection of the liver • Can cause weakness, jaundice, fever and sometimes death • Alcoholic Hepatitis – caused by toxic effects from alcohol

  17. Tolerance and Dependence • Tolerance – Regular users need to use more and more to get the same effect • Withdrawal – Symptoms range from Jumpiness, sleeplessness, sweating and poor appetite to severe tremors, convulsions, and hallucinations

  18. The Multiplier Effect • Synergistic effect – Occurs when 2 or more medicines are taken simultaneously • Alcohol combined with other drugs or medicines produces this effect

  19. Alcohol and Pregnancy • Fetal Alcohol syndrome – Condition in which a fetus has bee adversely affected mentally ad physically by its mother’s heavy alcohol use during pregnancy

  20. FAS Symptoms • Low birth weight • Impaired speech • Cleft palate • General weakness, slow body growth • Facial abnormalities • Poor coordination and heart defects

  21. FAS Symptoms • Mental retardation • Poor attention span • Nervousness • Hyperactivity • Fetal Alcohol syndrome is leading cause of mental retardation in the United States

  22. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • 5,000 FAS babies born each year • 100% preventable

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