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Communication Research . . . .

Communication: A Research Discipline presented to The Methodology Committee of the National Research Council September 30, 2002. Communication Research . . . . focuses on how people use messages to generate meanings within and across various contexts, cultures, channels, and media.

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Communication Research . . . .

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  1. Communication: A Research Disciplinepresented to The Methodology Committee of theNational Research CouncilSeptember 30, 2002

  2. Communication Research . . . . • focuses on how people use messages to generate meanings within and across various contexts, cultures, channels, and media. • encompasses studies of private and public as well as individual and mass communication • examines communication processes and their effects

  3. Communication Research: A Brief History • Foundations in Classical Greece, Rome and China—emphasis on Rhetoric • Early 20th Century • Emergence of Departments of “Speech” • Emphasis on Speech and Rhetoric • World War II and Post-War Era • Concerns with attitude formation and change • Emergence of social and behavioral science approaches • Late 20th Century • Concerns with mass communication, communication policy, and media • Concerns with new communication technologies, cultural approaches

  4. Communication Research Areas • Communication Studies: Scientific and critical research on human communication, including interpersonal, organizational, public, and intercultural communication and communication in various social, cultural, and political contexts • Mass Communication and Media Studies:Research on media institutions, media texts, media effects, and how media are used to produce and transform culture • Speech and Rhetorical Studies: Research focused on political and social rhetoric, audience analysis, argumentation, rhetorical criticism, and rhetorical theory • Telecommunication Studies: Research on the development, use, regulation, and effects of telecommunication technologies, including radio, television, telephony, and the internet

  5. Departments and Schools Communication research is carried out in academic programs with school and department titles such as: • Communication • Communication Arts and Sciences • Communication Studies • Information Studies • Journalism • Mass Communication • Media Studies • Speech Communication

  6. Audience analysis Communication and public policy Family communication Health communication Instructional communication Intercultural communication Interpersonal communication Legal communication Media economics Media effects Media literacy New communication technology Nonverbal communication Organizational communication Persuasion and social influence Political and social rhetoric Risk communication Visual communication Significant areas of communication research include:

  7. American Studies Art History Engineering English Environmental Science Ethnic and Women’s Studies Geography History Information Systems Linguistics Political Science Public Health Sociology Psychology Interdisciplinary ConnectionsCommunication scholars from discipline-based departments conduct major research projects with colleagues in such fields as:

  8. Communication Research Approaches Communication research employs a wide range of methodologies, including all types of quantitative and qualitative social scientific research methods as well as humanistic and critical/cultural approaches: • Analysis of dynamic processes • Content and textual analysis • Critical and cultural analysis • Discourse analysis • Ethnographic research • Experimental research (including controlled experiments) • Historiography • Mathematical modeling and simulations • Rhetorical criticism • Survey research

  9. Communication is a Research-Based Field • Scholarly journals • Research funding from Government Agencies and Private Foundations • Guggenheim and Fulbright Awards • Communication scholars serve or have served as program officers at NIC, NIH, NSF, NIOSH • Communication societies are affiliated with ACLS, AAAS and COSSA

  10. Argumentation Argumentation & Advocacy Communication Education Communication Monographs Communication Quarterly Communication Research Communication Studies Communication Theory Critical Studies of Media Communication European Journal of Communication Health Communication Human Communication Research Journal of Applied Communication Research Journal of Communication Journal of Family Communication Journal of Health Communication Journal of Media Economics Journalism and Mass Communication Media Studies Journal Philosophy and Rhetoric Political Communication Quarterly Journal of Speech Rhetoric and Public Affairs Rhetoric Society Quarterly Rhetorica Science Communication Southern Communication Journal Telecommunication Policy Text and Performance Quarterly Western Journal of Communication Women’s Studies and Communication “Core” Journals in Communication

  11. Discourse and Society Harvard International Journal of Press and Politics International Journal of Conflict Management International Journal of Public Opinion Review Javnost-Public Journal of Cultural Studies Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Language Communication Learn Publ Media, Culture and Society Narrative Inquiry Presidential Studies Quarterly Public Culture Public Opinion Quarterly Publish Research Quarterly Public Understanding of Science Research Language and Social Interaction Signs Symbolic Interaction Written Communication “Related” Journals to Communication

  12. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research AMC Cancer Center Center for Substance Abuse Prevention Centers for Disease Control Council for European Studies Department of Defense Department of Health and Human Services Department of Transportation Environmental Protection Agency Ford Foundation Lilly Corporation Markle Foundation Mediascope, Inc National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Cancer Institute National Endowment for the Humanities National Foreign Language Center National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Institute of Health National Institute of Mental Health National Science Foundation The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation W. K. Kellogg Foundation William and Flora Hewlett Foundation Selected Funding Sources of Communication Research

  13. Communication Doctorates • 115 Doctoral Granting Institutions • 1,143 Doctorates granted 1986-1990 (National Research Council) • 407 doctoral students per year (mean) 1995-1999 (Council of Communication Associations) • 85% of Communication Ph.Ds enter research-related careers (Council of Communication Associations) • 75-79% enter academic institutions • 6-10% enter research careers in health organizations or research organizations

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