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Geography and Time in the HIS: Improving Public Health Decision Making

Explore the importance of integrating geography and time in the Health Information System (HIS) to enhance public health decision making. Discover how geographic information systems (GIS) and time-based data can support risk assessment, policy formulation, and access to healthcare.

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Geography and Time in the HIS: Improving Public Health Decision Making

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  1. Session 2.1: Geography and time across the HIS

  2. Key terms used in this session • Data: Facts and statistics collected for reference or analysis • Geographic Information System (GIS): An integrated collection of computer software and data used to view and manage information about geographic places, analyze spatial relationships, and model spatial processes. A GIS provides a framework for gathering and organizing spatial data and related information so that it can be displayed and analyzed. • Geography: The study of the natural features of the Earth, such as mountains and rivers • Information: Facts provided or learned about something or someone

  3. Key terms used in this session Information System: Organized system for the collection, organization, storage and communication of information Health Information System (HIS): A system that integrates data collection, processing, reporting, and use of the information necessary for improving health service effectiveness and efficiency through better management at all levels of health services. HIS is a much broader term than Health Management Information System (HMIS) and includes HMIS, Patient Management Registration System (PMRS), Logistics Management Information System (LMIS), Human Resources Information System (HRIS), Financial Management System (FMS), etc.

  4. Key terms used in this session Health Information Management System: HMIS is a data collection system specifically designed to support planning, management, and decision making in health facilities and organizations. Public health:All organized measures (whether public or private) to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole

  5. Health Information System (HIS) The HIS is the backbone providing the necessary information needed to make decisions regarding public health problems. Why is HIS important? MEASURE Evaluation’s curriculum on Routine Health Information System (RHIS) includes a discussion on Health Information System: https://www.measureevaluation.org/our-work/routine-health-information-systems/rhis-curriculum

  6. Geographic dimension of public health • The three main public health functions are: • Risk assessment - The places most at risk are those where the hazard and vulnerability are the highest and capacity the lowest. • Policy formulation - The formulation of public health policies is supported by maps that help visualize and analyse spatial distribution of public health related issues • Ensuring access to health care - Physical accessibility to health care is influenced by the location of the health services, the spatial distribution of the population, and the environment between the two. All three functions have strong a geographic dimension! Geography, and actually time, should be properly captured in the HIS!

  7. Geography and time in the HIS Can you think about one piece of data or information within an HIS that has neither a geographic nor a time dimension? "everything happens somewhere at a given time" Importance of properly capturing geography and time in the HIS Generally among the most poorly captured dimensions in the HIS

  8. Geography and time in the HIS Once properly integrated, geography and time allows to: Extracted from https://www.adb.org/publications/building-capacity-geo-enabling-health-information-systems

  9. Geography and time in the HIS Malaria surveillance

  10. Geography and time in the HIS Extracted from https://www.adb.org/publications/building-capacity-geo-enabling-health-information-systems

  11. Geography and time in the HIS Emergency management Map Source 1 Number of pregnant women in affected area Source 2 Capacity of the health facility Table/graph Source 3 Magnitude/intensity of earthquake the HF can withstand Health facility Source 4 Nearest facilities outside affected area All object based!

  12. Geography and time in the HIS Extracted from https://www.adb.org/publications/building-capacity-geo-enabling-health-information-systems

  13. Geography and time in the HIS Changes in a district in Uganda Source 1 Source 2 Source 1 Source 3 Time

  14. Geography and time in the HIS Extracted from https://www.adb.org/publications/building-capacity-geo-enabling-health-information-systems

  15. Geography and time in the HIS Thematic mapping

  16. Geography and time in the HIS Spatial modelling https://www.healthgeolab.net/KNOW_REP/WHO-HIS-HGF-GIS-2016.2-eng.pdf

  17. Geography and time in the HIS Properly integrating geography and time in the HIS actually improves geographically-based decision making and therefore provides a more systemic approach to solving public health problems. How do you properly integrate geography and time in the HIS? Session 2: The HIS geo-enabling framework: Description Session 3: The HIS geo-enabling framework: Implementation

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