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Chapter 25 Noncommunicable Diseases & Disabilities

Chapter 25 Noncommunicable Diseases & Disabilities. Noncommunicable Disease . Noncommunicable disease a disease that is transmitted by another , a , or the . Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) A disease that affects the heart or blood vessels

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Chapter 25 Noncommunicable Diseases & Disabilities

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  1. Chapter 25Noncommunicable Diseases & Disabilities

  2. Noncommunicable Disease Noncommunicable disease a disease that is transmitted by another, a, or the

  3. Cardiovascular Disease • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) • A disease that affects the heart or blood vessels • Responsible for almost 40% of US deaths • Cardio • Vascular

  4. Types of CVD • Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Often • Sometimes called a “” • Can occur at any age – most common over the age of 35 • Treat hypertension • Manage • E • Eat a balanced diet

  5. Types of CVD 1) Atherosclerosis • A characterized by the accumulation of plaque on • Conditions that can lead to atherosclerosis: • S • High blood pressure • High • Lack of • Unhealthy diet

  6. Types of CVD 2) Diseases of the heart • When the blood supply to the heart is, the heart get the oxygen that is needed Angina Pectoris • Chest pain that results when the does not get • Usually lasts from a few seconds to a few minutes • Usually caused by atherosclerosis

  7. Types of CVD • Diseases of the heart Arrhythmias • Irregular Heart Attack • When or blood supply damages the heart muscle • Pressure, fullness, squeezing, or aching in chest area • Pain spreading to the arms, neck, jaw, stomach, or back • Chest discomfort, shortness of breath, lightheaded feeling, sweating, nausea, or vomiting

  8. Types of CVD • Diseases of the heart Congestive Heart Failure • Heart weakens & can no longer maintain its regular pumping rate & force • Cannot

  9. Types of CVD • Stroke • An acute injury in which blood flow to the brain is • Damage depends on the size of the stroke & what part of the brain is deprived of oxygen • Signs & Symptoms: • Severe headache • Numbness on one side of the body • C • Trouble walking • D • Trouble seeing out of one or both eyes

  10. What do Teens need to know about CVD • CVD can begin during the • 1 in already have evidence of CVD • Teens who or have diabetes were more to develop CVD

  11. Risk Factors • Controllable Risk Factors: • T • High Blood Pressure • High Cholesterol • P • Excess weight (overweight/obese) • S • Alcohol and drug Use

  12. Risk Factors • Uncontrollable Risk Factors: • H • Gender • A

  13. What is Cancer? • Uncontrollable of abnormal cells • Has a variety of and different areas of the body

  14. What is Cancer? • Every day, your body countless numbers of healthy, normal cells • Also produces some ones

  15. Immune System & Cancer • Immune system kills these abnormal cells they become cancerous • When immune system is, the abnormal cells multiply then the immune system can destroy them

  16. How Cancer Harms the Body • Tumor • 2 kinds of tumors: • Noncancerous – grows slowly • Surrounded by membranes that prevent it from spreading

  17. How Cancer Harms the Body • Cancerous – does not stay in one place • Metastasis • Spread of cancer from the point where it originated to others parts of the body • Cancer cells and new tumors • Kill normal cells as they compete with them for nutrients in the body • Can put on your organs & tissues • Block arteries, veins, & other passages

  18. Types of Cancer • Can develop in almost any part of the body • Classified according to the tissues they affect • Cancers of the immune system • Cancers of the blood-forming organs • Cancers of the glands & body linings (skin, lungs) • Cancers of connective tissues (bones, muscles)

  19. Risk Factors for Cancer • Carcinogens • Tobacco & UV light are two of the most common carcinogens that cause cancer

  20. Risk Factors for Cancer • Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs/STIs) • Some have the ability to cause cancer • Forms of HPV, HIV, Hepatitis B • Dietary Factors • About of all cancer deaths are caused by dietary risk factors • Fats, lack of dietary fiber

  21. Reducing Your Risk • Protect your from UV light • Avoid tobacco & alcohol • Practice abstinence • Be • Maintain a healthy weight • Eat • Recognize the warning signs of cancer

  22. Detecting and Treating Cancer • Early detection, the most factor in successful cancer treatment • Survival rate depends on two main factors:

  23. Detecting and Treating Cancer • 1) Self • 2) Medical Examination • Medical screening • Biopsy

  24. Detecting and Treating Cancer • Depends on several factors • Type of cancer, cancer has spread, overall health of person • Might include one or a combination of treatment: • 1) S • 2) Radiation Therapy • 3) C • 4) Immunotherapy • 5) H

  25. Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is on the rise. Young people are especially at risk today.

  26. Diabetes In a person with diabetes, the pancreas produces too little or no insulin, a hormone that helps glucose from food enter body cells and provide them with energy. Diabetes

  27. Diabetes Symptoms of Diabetes Frequent urination Tingling in hands or feet Unexplained weight loss Sores that are slow to heal Sudden changes in vision

  28. Diabetes Some diabetics do produce enough insulin, but their cellsrespondnormally to it. As a result, glucosein the blood instead of being delivered to cells.

  29. Diabetes The only way to diagnoseis through a blood test. Diabetes can be successfullywith medication, aeating plan, and regular moderate exercise.

  30. Diabetes Blindness KidneyFailure Stroke Long-Term Effects of Untreated Diabetes LimbAmputations HeartDisease

  31. Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 diabetes is known as an autoimmune disease. A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks itself, targeting the cells, tissues, and organs of a person’s own body

  32. Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 diabetes accounts forpercent of all diabetes cases. The bodyto produce insulin, glucose builds up in the blood, and cells don’t get thethey need.

  33. Type 1 Diabetes Over time, the high blood sugar level can cause damage to the, ,, and. People with type 1 diabetes must take daily doses of insulin.

  34. Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes accounts forpercent of all cases of diabetes. In this form of diabetes, the body isto make enough insulin or toinsulin properly.

  35. Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes usually appears after age 40, but growing numbers ofpeople are developing this disease. The increase in childhoodis linked to the increase in type 2 diabetes among children.

  36. Type 2 Diabetes Some scientists fear that type 2 diabetes will become anfor two reasons: • There are more older people in the population. • There are moreand young people.

  37. Type 2 Diabetes To helptype 2 diabetes, include these healthful behaviors in your life: • Choose low-fat, low-calorie foods. • Participate in regular physical activity.

  38. Type 2 Diabetes Monitor blood sugar levels. People with diabetes can live full, normal lives if they manage their condition. Make healthful eating decisions. Engage in regular physical activity. Take prescribed medications.

  39. Allergies Allergies are caused by a variety of substances. These substances are present in your environment and make their way into your body.

  40. Allergies Allergies are a very common noncommunicable illness caused by allergens. Allergy

  41. Allergies Common Allergens Certain foods Mold spores Insect venom Dander from animals Certain medicines

  42. Allergies There are many kinds ofreactions. Some allergies produce—itchy raised bumps on the skin.

  43. Allergies More serious allergic reactions that can be life threatening include: Severe hives; itching or swelling of an area stung by an insect Sharp drop in blood pressure, which can cause dizziness Swelling of the tongue, mouth, or eyes Difficulty breathing or swallowing

  44. Diagnosing Allergies Sometimes you can diagnose an allergy yourself. In many cases, though,and are needed to identify the source of an allergic reaction.

  45. Diagnosing Allergies During a skin test, small amounts of possible allergens are applied to a scratched area of the skin.

  46. Treating Allergies The simplest way to an allergy is to avoid the allergen that causes it. When avoidance is not possible, people with allergies canmedicines that help control allergy symptoms called.

  47. Treating Allergies If you suffer fromallergies, your doctor may prescribe antihistamines or a single, injectable dose of medicine that you carry with you at all times. If someone you know experiences a severe allergic reaction, call 911 immediately.

  48. Asthma Asthma has no, but it can be managed. Asthma can be life threatening, so those who have it must take the condition seriously and learn to manage it.

  49. Asthma More than 15 million people in the United States have asthma.  Asthma

  50. Asthma The bronchial tubes of people with asthma are highly sensitive to certain substances called.

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