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LTE Overview

LTE Overview. Maniam Palanivelu Global LTE Solutions Marketing Plano, TX USA maniam.palanivelu@alcatel-lucent.com. Applications & Devices Drive Bandwidth. One megabyte = one digital book, 45 seconds of music, 20 seconds of medium quality video. Feature Phones. Smartphones. Super Phones.

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LTE Overview

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  1. LTE Overview Maniam Palanivelu Global LTE Solutions Marketing Plano, TX USA maniam.palanivelu@alcatel-lucent.com

  2. Applications & Devices Drive Bandwidth One megabyte = one digital book, 45 seconds of music, 20 seconds of medium quality video Feature Phones Smartphones Super Phones Tablet Computers Web Browsing: 350MB Net Radio: 140 MB YouTube Videos: 150 MB Email: 100 MB Voice Calls: 4-11 MB/Hr Web Browsing: 20 MB Email: 20 MB Voice Calls: 4 -11 MB/Hr Web Browsing: 30 MB Email: 50 MB Voice Calls: 4-11MB/Hr Web Browsing: 100 MB Net Radio: 70 MB YouTube Videos: 50 MB Email: 50 MB Monthly Total* 80 MB * high-end netbooks or laptops model about 30% higher 185 MB 800 MB 1,900 MB (1.9GB) * Estimated Source: BusinessWeek (February 2010), Data: Internal Alcatel-Lucent Research

  3. Smartphone User Profile for 4G Mbps/month/user 3,000 Gaming 2,500 Web Browsing Audio Streaming 2,000 Downloads 1,500 All Video 1,000 Cloud (non-Video) 500 P2P SMS/MMS/IM/Voice 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 High Growth in Web, Streaming, Interactive Video Apps Data Usage per LTE user projected to grow from 700MB to 2.5GB

  4. Signaling impact on the network Bandwidth, Signaling and Airtime All Contribute to Customer’s Experience and Cost

  5. Margin Pressures

  6. Competitive Pressures 4G play becoming table stakes starting 2011 Upcoming Launches AT&T AT&T … and more US market leading the evolution to 4G

  7. All paths leading to LTE GERAN Evolutions GSM/EDGE TD-SCDMA TD-SCDMA evolution-tbc W-CDMA / HSPA HSPA+ TDMA LTE R8/R9 FDD/TDD LTE R10 FDD/TDD CDMA 1X EVDO Rev A/B CDMA WiMAX 16d WiMAX 16e TDD ? BWA WiMAX 16m TDD/FDD Deployed Ramping Next step Evolution routes

  8. Global Operator LTE Commitments

  9. Multiple Spectrum OptionsFDD & TD-LTE Key FDD Bands: • 700 MHz • AWS (1.7/2.1 GHz) • 2.6 GHz • 800 MHz Key TDD Bands: • 2.3 GHz • 2.6 GHz

  10. What is LTE? A common evolution path… OFDM Robust modulation in dense environments OFDMA (DL) / SC-FDMA (UL) Increased spectral efficiency. Simplified Rx design cheaper UE Scalable - go beyond 5 MHz limitation Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next generation broadband wireless technology for 3GPP and 3GPP2 networks MIMO Increased link capacity Multiple-input, multiple-output UL& DL. Collaborative MIMO (UL). Overcome multi-path interference Enabling new applications, lowering cost Flat IP Flat, scalable Reduction in number of logical nodes  flatter architecture Clean separation of user plane and control plane Backhaul based on IP / MPLS transport • Peer to peer applications requiring high throughput • Online gaming • Flat fee trend

  11. Standards Terminology: LTE + SAE = EPS • From the set of requirements, it was clear that evolution work would be required for both the radio access network (RAN) as well as the core network.LTE would not be backwards compatible with UMTS/HSPA! • RAN working groups would focus on the air interface and radio access network aspects • System Architecture (SA) working groups would develop the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) • A note on terminology: • In the RAN working groups the names Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) are used interchangeably • In the SA working groups, the term System Architecture Evolution (SAE) was used to signify a broad framework for the architecture work • For some time the term LTE/SAE was used to described the new evolved system, but now this has become known as the Evolved Packet System (EPS)

  12. LTE Downlink Air Interface: Basics of OFDM: Overlapping Yet Orthogonal • OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing • OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access • FDM is nothing new: carriers are separated sufficiently in frequency so that there is minimal overlap to prevent cross-talk • OFDM: still FDM, but carriers can actually be orthogonal (no cross-talk) while actually overlapping, if specially designed  saved bandwidth! Conventional FDMA Frequency saved bandwidth OFDM Frequency

  13. LTE Uplink Air Interface: Multiple Access Scheme • To facilitate efficient power amplifier design in the UE, 3GPP chose single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) in favor of OFDMA for uplink multiple access • SC-FDMA improves the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) compared to OFDM • ~4 dB improvement for QPSK, ~2 dB improvement for 16-QAM • Reduced power amplifier cost for mobile • Reduced power amplifier back-off  improved coverage • SC-FDMA is still an orthogonal multiple access scheme • UEs are orthogonal in frequency • Synchronous in the time domain through the use of timing advance (TA) signaling

  14. LTE Uplink or Downlink Numerology (FDD) FFT sizes chosen such that sampling rates are a multiple of the UMTS chip rate (3.84 MHz) Eases implementation of dual mode UMTS/LTE terminals Carrier Size FFT Size Sampling Frequency Number of Usable Subcarriers Occupied BW 1.4 MHz 128 1.92 MHz 72 1.08 MHz 3 MHz 256 3.84 MHz 180 2.7 MHz 5 MHz 512 7.68 MHz 300 4.5 MHz 10 MHz 1024 15.36 MHz 600 9 MHz 15 MHz 1536 23.04 MHz 900 13.5 MHz Same numerology between uplink and downlink 20 MHz 2048 30.72 MHz 1200 18 MHz

  15. LTE Requirements and Performance Targets Improved Spectrum Efficiency 3-4x HSPA Rel’6 in DL* 2-3x HSPA Rel’6 in UL 1 bps/Hz broadcast High Peak Data Rates 100 Mbps DL (20 MHz, 2x2 MIMO) 50 Mbps UL (20 MHz, 1x2) * Assumes 2x2 in DL for LTE, but 1x2 for HSPA Rel’6 Support Scalable BW 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz Improved Cell Edge Rates 2-3x HSPA Rel’6 in DL* 2-3x HSPA Rel’6 in UL Full broadband coverage LTE LTE Co-existence with 2G/3G (GSM/CDMA/HSPA) Packet Domain Only Simplified network architecture Low Latency < 5ms user plane (UE to RAN edge) <100ms camped to active < 50ms dormant to active Radio Access Network Core Network

  16. EPS Architecture: Functional Description of Nodes • Mobility Management Entity • Authentication • Tracking area list management • Idle mode UE reachability • S-GW/PDN-GW selection • Inter core network node signaling for mobility between 2G/3G and LTE • Bearer management functions • eNB- contains all radio access functions • Radio admission control • Scheduling of UL and DL data • Scheduling and transmission of paging and system broadcast • IP header compression (PDCP) • Outer-ARQ (RLC) PCRF • Policy & Charging Rules Function • Network control of Service Data Flow (SDF) detection, gating, QoS & flow based charging • Dynamic policy decision on service data flow treatment in the PCEF (xGW) • Authorizes QoS resources Policy Policy Decisions • Serving Gateway • Local mobility anchor for inter-eNB handovers • Mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP handovers • Idle mode DL packet buffering • Lawful interception • Packet routing and forwarding • PDN Gateway • IP anchor point for bearers • UE IP address allocation • Per-user based packet filtering • Connectivity to packet data network 17 | LTE Fundamentals | September 2008

  17. EPS QoS Function The Bearer level (i.e. per bearer or bearer aggregate) QoS parameters: • QoS Class Identifier (QCI): • A scalar that is used as a reference to node specific parameters that control packet forwarding treatment (e.g. scheduling weights, admission thresholds, queue management thresholds, link layer protocol configuration, etc.), and that have been pre-configured by the operator owning the access node • Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP): • The primary purpose or ARP is to decide if a bearer establishment/modification request can be accepted or rejected in case or resource limitation • Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) and Maximum Bit Rate (MBR) • Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR) 18 | LTE Fundamentals | September 2008

  18. IP Packet Core MME/SGSN PCRF PGW/GGSN SGW End-to-end IP Service & Network Management IP RAN IP Backhaul IP Backbone E2E QoS, Policy Management Ethernet/MPLSTransport Access BTS E2E Integrated Management & monitoring Self Organizing/Optimizing Networks

  19. LTE: Disruptive benefits • High Peak Rate, Low Latency • Advanced QoS • Open LTE Device Ecosystem • Seamless 2G/3G-LTE Service Continuity • Web-friendly Service Delivery Richer Service & QoE New Business Model • IP-based Open Business Ecosystem • Subscriber & IP Service awareness • All-IP Service Delivery Environment • Open, Agile, Multi-screen, Secured Efficient BB Network & Operations • OFDM, MIMO • Flexible spectrum (re)use • All-IP, Flat-IP architecture • Economies of Scale

  20. LTE Device EcosystemGlobal economies of scale 2010 2011 2009 2012 2013 2014+ H1 H2 H1 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 LTE New connected devices LTE low end handset LTE Middle end handset Commercial Devices (High End), USB, Netbook, Smarphone, W-DSL… Prototype products Early Launches Field Trials Mass Market Adoption LTE solution Prototype 1st Gen LTE solution LTE FDD only / Mono & Dual Band(s) In 2009, LTE ecosystem is already backed by the top 5 device suppliers and the wireless chipset champions 2nd Gen LTE solution LTE FDD & EVDO or LTE FDD & 3GSM In 2011, the LTE technologies is ready for the Mass Market with mature chipsets ready for Wireless and Consumer electronic suppliers 3rd Gen LTE solution LTE FDD/TDD & EVDO/3GSM In 2013, The LTE technologies would become a global commodities for smooth integration into any type of wireless synchronised devices

  21. Boosting RevenuesOpportunities for new business models Developers & Partners Applications & Content Consumer & Enterprise Applications API Exposure Content Control Comms Context Application Enablers High Leverage Network™ Use Cases CONTENT • Delayed content transfer • Mobile content delivery service CONTROL • High quality video streaming • Download and upload turbo boost • Subscriber fair usage • Machine-to-machine optimization COMMUNICATIONS • Voice controlled communications CONTEXT • Femto as an Application Enabler • Services authentication via mobile

  22. What is the ng Connect Program? • A global initiative that brings together device, application andcontent providers to drive the development of innovative servicesfor 4G/LTE and other ultra-high bandwidth networks Conceived and founded by Alcatel-Lucent, the ng Connect Program is a global undertaking to bring together infrastructure, device, application, and content companies in an end-to-end ecosystem for the successful deployment of next generation broadband services that significantly improve the End User Experience

  23. Accelerate Services, Understand Impacts, Broaden Landscape with an open ecosystem integrated with the high-leverage network Device identification Device interworking Device management Pre-Testing/validation Optimization with Network End-User Research Service & application Prototyping Business Modeling Standards Based / Open Consumer Media & Entertainment Enterprise Collaboration & e-Healthcare Automotive Connectivity Digital Signage Computing Experience

  24. Consumer Media & Entertainment Enterprise Collaboration & e-Healthcare Automotive Connectivity Digital Signage Computing Experience ng Connect Members(as of July 2010) 40+ around the worldLeading innovators and market leaders reshaping the way people communicate Toyota Motor Sales, USA, Inc.

  25. Alcatel-Lucent End-to-End LTE Solution Enriched QoE Scalability and cost-efficiency De-risked deployment and evolution New business models Unmatched combination of next generation IP networking and LTE leadership with high performance, scalable and cost-efficient network 1 Proven IP transformation and integration experience 2 Rich and open ecosystem of devices, applications and content 3 Delivering the market-leading end-to-end LTE solution Lowering total cost of ownership, enabling new business models and redefining end user experience

  26. Alcatel-Lucent LTE Customer Momentum Only end-to-end LTE network provider EUTRAN+EPC+IMS+ Backhaul + Services 1800MHz 700MHz & AWS CONTRACT TD-LTE & LTE FDD coexistence Shanghai Expo 2010, first major public trial of TD-LTE Small cells CONTRACT RAN+Bakhaul Europe 19 700MHz & 2.6GHz APAC 14 Middle East 2 50+ LTE trials North America 13 LTE contracts (5 not public) 7 South America 3 Delivering the market-leading end-to-end LTE solution

  27. Alcatel-Lucent Technology Leadership • 1Q09 • 1Q10 • 2Q10 • 3Q09 • 4Q09 1st TD-LTE call with a commercial terminal from Innofidei/Astri First live field tests of CoMP First LTE EDD call live 10G GPON-based LTE backhaul demo LTE@2.1GHz Call (Stuttgart) LTE@2.6GHz Call (Stuttgart) TD-LTE covergage at Shangai expo Connected Car Completed CMCC’s test with excellent performance for Shanghai World Expo first FCC certification for LTE@700MHz base station first multi-vendor LTE TDD call World’s first live Video broadcast from connected boat ALU & LGE: live handoff of an end-to-end data call LTE/CDMA Verizon & ALU: LTE 4G Data Calls Active Patents Held: 27,600 Patents Awarded in 2009: 2,100 More than 500 standards experts in ~100 worldwidestandards organizations Global LTE R&D across 5 countries World’s first interoperable calls between LTE and P25 Land Mobile Radio network with EADS • 3Q10 Several World’s first powered by Bell Labs Innovation in 4G LTE

  28. Internal and external Alcatel-Lucent resources • End-to-end LTE solution pages • Internal: all.alcatel-lucent.com/lte • External: www.alcatel-lucent.com/lte http://lte.alcatel-lucent.com/index.php/pages/buzz

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