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Project: IEEE 802.15 LED(Light Emitting Diode) Interest Group (IG-LED) Submission Title: [Performance Enhancement for LED-ID Systems by User Cooperation and Beamforming] Date Submitted: [9 th July, 2012 ]

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  1. Project: IEEE 802.15 LED(Light Emitting Diode) Interest Group (IG-LED) Submission Title: [Performance Enhancement for LED-ID Systems by User Cooperation and Beamforming] Date Submitted: [9th July, 2012] Source: [Jin Young Kim, Yoon Hyun Kim, In Hwan Park, Jaesang Cha, Kyesan Lee, and Yeong Min Jang] [Kwangwoon University, Seoul National University of Technology, Kyunghee University, Kookmin University] Address [Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea] Voice:[82-10-5355-4825], FAX: [82-2-913-5006], E-Mail:[jinyoung@kw.ac.kr] Re: [] Abstract: [Performance Enhancement for LED-ID Systems by User Cooperation and Beamforming] Purpose: [Contribution to IEEE 802.15.4a] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15.4a. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.4a Slide 1 Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  2. Contents • Introduction • Concept of cooperative communication systems • Beamforming for LED-ID in cooperative network • Optical Beamforming • Some Simulation Results • Conclusions Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  3. What is the LED-ID System • Definition of LED-ID • - Light Emitting Diode Identification (LED-ID) is a technology that uses communication via light waves (especially visible light) to contactless exchange voice/video/data among one Tag(or Reader) to one or more identified Readers(or Tags). • Components of LED-ID • LEDs(maybe likened transmitter) • Photo Detector(maybe likened • receiver) • Each Reader and Tag of LED-ID • must have at least one LED and PD Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  4. Characteristic of LED-ID • Long Brightness, Low Power Consumption • Frequency Band • - Visible light band (384 THz ~ 790 THz) • - No interference with RF • High speed Read and write capability • Security • No harmful to human • Green technology Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  5. LED-ID in Cooperative Network • Reader 2 receives not only tag’s signal but also relay’s signal • Reader 2 can achieve full diversity gain with two-path signals • “Better” reliability and “Higher” data rates Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  6. Cooperative Transmission • Advantages • Higher spatial diversity • Higher throughput • Lower delay • Reduced interference • Lower transmitted power • Adaptability to network conditions Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  7. Tag to Tag Interference in Cooperative Network • Tag-to-Tag interference. • Tag to Tag interference in LED-ID system occurs, and seriously affect the performance. • Reader #2 receives Tag#1 and Tag#2 signal • Tag#2’ signal is interference • Worse reliability Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  8. Concept & Motivation of Optical Beamforming • Interference mitigation • - Two tags and one reader • - Reader is in interference region between each tag • Optical beamforming mitigate the interference Optical Beamforming Concept Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  9. Optical Beamforming for LED-ID systems • We propose an Tag-to-tag interference mitigation method with Optical Beamforming for LED-ID in cooperative network. • OBF can be used at both the transmit and receiver side to achieve spatial selectivity • “Better” reliability • “High” SNR Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  10. Beamforming technique • Beamforming • -Signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception • Beamforming has basic two categories • Zero forcing (ZF) • Minimum mean square error (MMSE) Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  11. Beamforming technique • ZF beamforming • - Good solution for low-noise or high-power situation • Transmitter knows the downlink channel state information (CSI) • perfectly, ZF-beamforming can achieve almost the system capacity • when the number of users is large. Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  12. Beamforming technique • MMSE beamforming • - This type called “regularized” ZF beamforimg • - Loading factor maximizes the signal-to-interference-plus- noise • ratio (SINR) at the receiver P : Power constraint : Loading factor K : Number of users Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  13. Optical Beamforming • Advantages • Tag to Tag Interference mitigation • High SNR gain • Lower transmitted power Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  14. Simulation Parameters Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  15. BER Performance of Optical Cooperation for LED-ID systems Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  16. BER Performance of Optical Beamforming for LED-ID systems Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

  17. Conclusion Tag to Tag interference in LED-ID system Proposed optical-beamforming and cooperative network for LED-ID systems - Interference mitigation - High SNR → Coverage extension Jin Young Kim, Kwangwoon University

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