WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Technical Overview

1. WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Technical Overview

2. Agenda • WebSphere Application Server History & Architecture • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Themes • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Key Features • Summary Technical Overview

3. WebSphere Application Server Basics • WebSphere Application Server is a platform on which you can run Java-based business applications • It is an implementation of the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) 1.4 specification • It provides services that can be used by business applications, such as: • Database connectivity, • Threading, • Security, • Transactions, etc. Technical Overview

4. WebSphere Application Server Function Evolution • J2EE 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 support • JDK 5.0 support • Portlet support • Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) support • WS-Notification, WS-Business Activity and WS-Resource Framework, WS-I BSP support • Virtual Member Manager • OSGi based architecture • Consumability and ease of use enhancements • Serviceability enhancements • J2EE 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 support • Web Services based on J2EE 1.4 • WS-Security and Basic profile support • Common data model, SDO • Inclusion of PME for all packaging • High Availability Manager • Java-based Messaging engine • Mixed version cell support for V5.0.X and V6 • J2EE 1.2, 1.3 support • JDK 1.3 support • Web Services based on Apache engine • Configuration data in XML files • Packaging simplification • Network Deployment Cell for clustering and scalability • Built-in messaging engine based on WebSphere MQ • Merging of z/OS and distributed code base • J2EE 1.2, 1.3 support • JDK 1.4 support • Web Services based on JSR 101/109 on IBM engine • Support for JSF • J2EE 1.2 support • Configuration data in database • Support for Web Services … V5.0 4Q2003 V5.1 2Q2004 V6.0.X 4Q2004 V6.1 2Q2006 V4.0.X 2001 Technical Overview

5. Architectural Overview Section

6. WebSphere Application Server v6.x Basics • WebSphere Application Server is a platform on which you can run Java-based business applications • It is an implementation of the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) 1.4 specification • It provides services (database connectivity, threading, security, transactions, etc.) that can be used by business applications

7. EJB Container Web Container JSPs Servlets EJBs Dynamic Cache Name Server Security Data Replication … … JMX …. Transaction. Basic Architecture Application Server Embedded HTTP Server XML Configuration Files HTTP Server HTTP Server Plug-in Web ServicesEngine MessagingEngine Plug-in Configuration File Application Databases Application Data

8. profile1 node1 WebSphere Application Server V6 Express & Base server1 adminconsole

9. dmgr profile dmgrNode dmgr adminconsole addnode profile2 profile1 node2 node1 nodeagent2 server1 server2 WebSphere Application Server V6 Network Deployment dmgrCell nodeagent1 adminconsole

10. dmgrNode dmgr adminconsole node1 nodeagent1 server1 profile1 WebSphere Application Server V6 Network Deployment dmgrCell dmgr profile Port 9060 samplesProfile samplesNode server1 adminconsole Port 2809 Port 9080

11. Administering the Server Application Server Embedded HTTP Server Admin. Service EJB Container Web Container HTTP(S) XML Configuration Files Admin console Admin MBeans Web-based administrative console Web Services Engine Messaging Engine SOAP/HTTP RMI/IIOP C:\> wsadmin wsadmin command-line client

12. A node is a logical grouping of servers Each node is managed by a single node agent process A deployment manager process manages the node agents Holds the configuration repository for the entire management domain, called a cell Administrative Console runs inside the DMgr Network Deployment Concepts … … … Cell

13. Managed vs. Unmanaged Nodes • A managed node is a node that contains a node agent • Node agent acts as proxy for Deployment Manager • An unmanaged node is defined in the topology, but does not have a node agent process • Useful for defining servers as part of the topology but outside of WebSphere’s management control • Lack of a node agent prohibits comprehensive management by WebSphere (except for the IBM HTTP Server v6.0)

14. Accessing Server Resources Application Server Embedded HTTP Server Web browser EJB Container Web Container HTTP(S) Application Databases Application Data Servlets/JSPs EJBs SOAP/HTTP(S) Web Servicesclient Web Services Engine Messaging Engine SOAP/JMS RMI/IIOP Java client JMS Client

15. Feature Highlights Section

16. J2EE 1.4 Support • WebSphere Application Server v6 provides full support for J2EE 1.4 • Support and compliance for J2EE 1.4 specifications • EJB 2.1, JMS 1.1, JCA 1.5, Servlet 2.4, JSP 2.0, etc. • Backward compatibility with J2EE 1.2 and 1.3 as required by the J2EE specification • JDK 1.4.2 included with all packages

17. Web Services Support • J2EE 1.4 support for Web Services standards • Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC) 1.1 • Web services for J2EE (JSR 109) • SOAP with Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) 1.2 • Web Service Security (WS-Security) • Web Services-Interoperability (WS-I) Basic Profile 1.1 • Java-API for XML Registries (JAXR) 1.0 • Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) v3 • Value-add support provided by WebSphere Application Server v6 • Support added to Web services standards • Custom bindings • Generic SOAP elements • Stateless session EJB as Web service provider • Client caching • Support added by Network Deployment package • Web Services Gateway

18. Value-Add Programming Support • Service Data Objects (SDO) • Enables unified data access and representation across heterogeneous data stores (JSR 235) • JavaServer Faces (JSF) 1.0 • User interface framework for development of Java based Web applications • Programming Model Extensions (PMEs) • APIs that extend the J2EE programming model, for solving complex business problems

19. Access APIs Access APIs Access APIs Data APIs Data APIs Data APIs Metadata Access APIs Metadata Access APIs Metadata Access APIs Metadata APIs Metadata APIs Metadata APIs … … Service Data Objects Custom Mediator SDO Core APIs File Client JDBC Mediator Data Base • Unified data representation & retrieval across heterogeneous data sources EJB Mediator Data Base

20. JSF Support • WebSphere v6 supports • JSF v1.0 runtime • Custom IBM JSF components • Faces client components • Development capabilities included in IBM Rational Application Developer (IRAD)

21. Programming Model Extensions Core extensions included in all WebSphere versions • WebSphere Business Integration Server Foundation extensions • Last Participant Support • Internationalization Service • WorkArea Service • ActivitySession Service • Extended JTA Support • Startup Beans • Asynchronous Beans • Scheduler Service • Object Pools • Calendar • Dynamic Query • DistributedMap • Application Profiling • Newly added • CommonJ Work Manager • CommonJ Timer Manager

22. System Management Model • Mixed cell support • Enables phased migration for WebSphere Application Server v5 • Configuration archiving • Allows you to create a complete or partial archive of an existing configuration that can be used to create new configurations • WebSphere profiles • Used to define one or more runtime server instances, while utilizing a single instance of installation libraries • Generic servers • A non-WebSphere server or process that is administered as an application server instance • External Web servers • Defined as managed or unmanaged servers, providing additional capabilities for administration and management of plug-in configurations • Node Groups • Enables grouping of nodes in a cell with different capabilities (e.g., containment of distributed systems and z/OS)

23. Application Management • Enhanced EAR files • Developed using Rational Application Developer or the Application Server Toolkit • Contains bindings and server configuration settings • Fine grained application update • Enables small delta to applications without performing a full application update and restart • WebSphere Rapid Deployment • Support for developers to use annotation based programming • Moving toward automation of application development and deployment

24. Administrative Console Enhancements • Ease of use updates • Re-designed navigation to reduce the number of clicks for access to most configuration settings • Panels for new features • Facilitates administration of features such as service integration, integrated UDDI registry, Web Services Gateway, and Web server options • Tivoli Performance Viewer integration • Enables browser based access to Performance Monitoring Infrastructure (PMI) metrics

25. Service Integration • Functionality that supports message-oriented and service-oriented applications • Fully compliant J2EE JMS messaging provider • Service Integration Bus provides support for messaging and Web services applications • Integrated Web services infrastructure and support for the Web Services Gateway • Service Integration Bus is a component of the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) • Fully integrated with administration facilities for installation security, and clustering

26. High Availability • High Availability Manager • Designed to eliminate single points of failure • Responsible for running key services on any available application server process, rather than a dedicated process such as the Deployment Manager (DMgr) process • Takes advantage of fault tolerant storage technologies such as Network Attached Storage (NAS) • Failover of stateful session EJBs • Utilizes memory-to-memory replication provided by the Data Replication Services component for HTTP session persistence

27. Security • Java Authorization Contract with Containers (JACC) 1.0 • Support for authorization provies to perform access decisions for resources in J2EE 1.4 application servers • Facilitates the plug-in of third-party authorization servers • IBM Tivoli Access Manager (TAM) client is provided with WebSphere Application Server v6 • JACC compliant client that can be used to access a TAM server for authentication and authorization • Tivoli Access Manager (TAM) server • Slimmed down server bundled in the Network Deployment package

28. Other Technologies • FIPS 140-2 support • FIPS 140-2 is a standard that describes US Federal government requirements that computer systems must meet for protecting unclassified information • IPv6 support • Larger address space (128-bit) • Support for Jakarta Commons Logging • IBM Tivoli Access Manager (TAM) client is provided with WebSphere Application Server v6 • JACC compliant client that can be used to access a TAM server for authentication and authorization • Tivoli Access Manager (TAM) server • Slimmed down server bundled in the Network Deployment package

29. Agenda • WebSphere Application Server History & Architecture • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Themes • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 of key features • Summary Technical Overview

30. Have confidence applications are secure and available Secure, Scalable, Highly Available SOA Runtime Makes assets accessible to new users, in new ways Extensive Communication Services Effective Application Management Focus on innovation instead of maintenance WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Themes Ease-of-use features help accelerate time to value Simple, Rapid Development and Deployment Technical Overview

31. J2SE 5.0 Improvements • JDK 5.0 provides business value… • Increases application programmer productivity • Improves portability across all JDK 5 platforms • Delivers much faster performance than previous versions • JDK 5.0 IBM Innovation • Superior application execution performance coupled with improved reliability, availability, and serviceability (RAS) characteristics • increases the speed at which Java methods are run • Improved GC component: movement from a conservative to a type-accurate collector, introduction of a parallel collector, introduction of a generational and concurrent collector, and a rework of the verbose GC logging facility Technical Overview

32. Value-Add Programming Support • Service Data Objects (SDO) • Designed to simplify and unify the way in which applications handle data • Uniformly access and manipulate data from heterogeneous data sources. • Enables unified data access and representation across heterogeneous data stores (JSR 235) • JavaServer Faces (JSF) 1.1 • User interface framework for development of Java based Web applications • Reduces the size of the Web application since runtime binaries no longer need to be included in your Web application. • JSF Widget Library (JWL) Technical Overview

33. Tooling • Application Server Toolkit (AST) • Subset of Rational Application Developer • Rapid deployment feature • easy mechanism to deploy apps to a running 6.1 WebSphere server • Graphical deployment descriptors • Web services tools • WebSphere automation toolkit • J2EE development and Deployment support • Annotation-based programming support • WebSphere server integration • Development environment for wsadmin (Jython) • Comprehensive Unit Test environment Technical Overview

34. IBM Installation Factory for WebSphere Application Server • Uses self-managing autonomic technology to make installation and deployment easy, reliable and repeatable • Eclipse-based GUI and Command Line Interface • Creates a “custom refresh” install package at any given level of maintenance • Prunes unwanted features from the custom WebSphere Application Server install package • Custom install (full scratch install of WebSphere Application Server) or update existing installs (slip install) • Extensibility for easily extending Installation Factory capabilities to other products • Significant ease of use • Cross-platform package generation • Import a pre-defined set of configuration information (a “config archive”) into a newly created profile • Deploy EARs and enhanced EARs • Apply specific versions and fix-packs of WebSphere Application Server • Bundle applications and have scripts within Installation Factory kick off app install Technical Overview

35. Custom Install Package containing • Merged Repository of • V6.0 + V6.0.2 + V6.0.2.3 + JDK 1.4.2 SR3 • Bundle • iFixes “A” + “B” • EARs / Scripts/ Config Archive Merge Engine Composition Tool Command Line InvocationTool Install Factory V6.0.2.3 JDK 1.4.2 SR3 InterimFixes EARs / Config Archive / Scripts V6.0.2 A V6.0 EAR B Automated, customized WebSphere Application Server install package Build Definition XML Technical Overview

36. Agenda • WebSphere Application Server History & Architecture • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Themes • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 - key features • Summary Technical Overview

37. Security • Installation as non-root/non-Administrator user • IHS still requires root install for SSL • Support for multiple user repositories in the cell’s security realm • Built in file-based repository • Multiple LDAP servers can be federated • Federation creates a single name space for identities • Administrative Security enabled out of the box • Administrative security will be enabled • Application Security will be disabled • LTPA and ServerID required for inter-process communications will be auto generated • Highly simplified communications security • Centralized SSL management, integrated certificate /key mgmt. • Significantly simpler post-install security hardening • LTPA preconfigured • Administrative security enabled. Technical Overview

38. Security • Single sign-on for Windows desktops (SPNEGO) • Integrated capability for federating LDAP repositories • Simplified security configuration user interface • Including addition of a configuration wizard • Security configuration report • Shows all of your security settings in one consolidated report • Simplified Certificate/Key Management • Abilities similar to the IBM Key Management Utility (IKeyman) are now available through the Administrative Console • Create key databases, public and private key pairs • Simplifies maintenance and configuration of certificates • Separate Ikeyman function is still available • Enables wsadmin scripts to be created for keymanagement Technical Overview

39. Improved performance with JDK 5 Improved Web Container performance/scalability EJB improvements Improved Web services performance In-process messaging Improved Dynamic Fragment Caching Miscellaneous performance improvements Startup Time and Memory Footprint What’s New for V6.1 Performance Technical Overview

40. High Availability • High Availability Manager • Designed to eliminate single points of failure • Responsible for running key services on any available application server process, rather than a dedicated process such as the Deployment Manager (DMgr) process • Takes advantage of fault tolerant storage technologies such as Network Attached Storage (NAS) • Failover of stateful session EJBs • Utilizes memory-to-memory replication provided by the Data Replication Services component for HTTP session persistence Technical Overview

41. HTTP Servlets Converged Servlet Container SIP Servlets Portlets Shared application session Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Servlets (JSR 116) • Next generation applications for the enterprise are being built on SIP • Collaborative applications • Chat/Instant messaging • Video conferencing, video over IP • Voice over IP Applications are built using SIP • Entertainment/Gaming • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 includes JSR 116 SIP Servlets • Built in the first truly converged container • Servlets can share a single application session across protocols • HTTP Servlets and Portlets can create SIP messages and tie state together with a single application session • Includes SIP tooling Technical Overview

42. SIP Examples • Merging contact information with voice and messaging • SIP is critical across all industries • Contact/Call centers • Key technology for enablement of IMS • “Click-to-Call” from contact lists • CRM application using SIP “Click to Contact” to initiate a VOIP call to a customer or prospect… • Initiates and controls call • Scenarios like: • Support centers • Telesales centers • Billing centers, etc. • Savings of 5-10% of call center costs Technical Overview

43. The portlet project creation wizard will create an empty portlet for you and add it to the project Portlets – JSR 168 • Supports JSR 168 Portlet programming model • Makes portlet PM available in allWebSphere Application Server - based servers • Tools support includes • Wizards to create • Portlet Projects • Portlets • Editor to manage the portlet deployment descriptor (portlet.xml) • Ability to import portlet WAR file • Limited aggregation through JSP tag library • Proprietary interface • Provides migration for aggregating servlets • Remote request dispatch supported within ND core group Technical Overview

44. WebSphere Portal Offerings Comparison • WebSphere Application Server V6.1 • Provides runtime environment for portlets per JSR-168 Portlet Specification • Aggregation capability is available by writing custom Servlets and JSPs • WebSphere Portal Server provides a complete portal environment, including • Visual tools for aggregating Portlets and arranging pages • User-customizable pages and personalization services • Can run Portlets written in JSR 168 or the IBM Portlet API • IBM Workplace content management and collaboration tools Technical Overview

45. Web Services Evolution WebSphere Application Server V5.0.2/5.1 WebSphere Application Server V6.0 WebSphere Application Server V6.1 WS-BA (Business Activity) • Compensation framework for loosely coupled transactions WS-I BSP (Basic Security Profile) • Interoperability over the wire (i.e. WebSphere client with .NET svr.) • Tightening of specification WS-N (Notification) • Publish/Subscribe model WS – Security enhancements Performance Enhancements • SAAJ changes (send XML docs. w/ attachments) • SOAP/JMS • New and faster parser (Banshee instead of B2B) SOAP/JMS Enhancements • Caching enhancements • Text message enhancements WS-RF (Resource Framework) • Stateful web service resources WS-Addressing • Endpoint ref. support for WS-Res. JAX-RPC (JSR-101) 1.0 • New standard API for programming Web services in Java JSR-109 1.0 • New J2EE deployment model for Java Web services SAAJ 1.1 WS-Security • Extensions added WS-I Basic Profile 1.0 • Profile compliance UDDI4J version 2.0 (client) Apache Soap 2.3 enhancements The engine is a new high performance SOAP engine supporting both HTTP and JMS JAX-RPC (JSR-101) 1.1 • Additional type support • xsd:list • Fault support • Name collision rules • New APIs for creating Services • isUserInRole() JSR-109 – WSEE 1.1 • Moved to J2EE 1.4 schema types • Migration of web services client DD moving to appropriate container DDs • Handlers support for EJBs • Service endpoint interface (SEI) is a peer to LI/RI SAAJ 1.2 • APIs for manipulating SOAP XML messages WS-Security • WSS 1.0 WS-I Basic Profile 1.1 • Attachments support WS-TX AT (Atomic Transactions) JAXR support UDDI v3 support • Includes both the registry implementation and the client API library Technical Overview

46. Simplified Administration • Cluster creation wizard • Aids in creation of clusters. • Shows available and non-available server cluster members • Allows base image to be recreated across a cluster • Enhanced ability to see all applications installed on an app server • Incremental cell upgrade • Allows new v6 nodes after upgrading deployment manager • Allows creation of v5 and v6 servers • Supports v6 and v5 nodes in the cell • Fine grained admin authorizations • New "deployer" role and users can be authorized at cell, node, server or application level • New guided activity for configuring clusters and making apps highly available • Allows the complete configuration/management of IBM HTTP Server through the administration console Technical Overview

47. Administrative Console • Ease of use updates • Re-designed navigation to reduce the number of clicks for access to most configuration settings • Console is simplified in certain areas, based on customer feedback: • Application installation and management • Resource management simplification • Configuring database connections • Configuring clusters and cluster members • Configuring shared libraries • Panels for new features • Facilitates administration of features such as service integration, integrated UDDI registry, Web Services Gateway, and Web server options • Tivoli Performance Viewer integration • Enables browser based access to Performance Monitoring Infrastructure (PMI) metrics • New command assistance function provides mechanism to view wsadmin scripting commands for the last action run in the administrative console Technical Overview

48. Automation Tools • Dramatically easier to create wsadmin automation scripts for configuring and controlling WebSphere Application Server • Lowers cost of Administration • Integrated with the new Console Command Assist • Administrators who are not skilled in wsadmin syntax can perform tasks using the console and capture the equivalent wsadmin statements in the Automation Toolkit • Easily add error handling, logging, parameterization, and other production script features • Step through and debug the full automation script • Includes statement completion, Online help for the wsadmin commands and parameters; Debugging feature.. • Supports Jython syntax of wsadmin. • JACL to Jython conversion utility now available on the WebSphere DeveloperWorks Website • Converts the majority of existing JACL wsadmin scripts to a Jython syntax without any need for manual intervention. Technical Overview

49. WebSphere Application Server V6.1 Consumability Consumability enhancements in many key tasks simplify and quicken the delivery of critical IT services Number of steps required to perform these tasks has been reduced over 50%*: • Installing a cell-level environment • Installing and configuring IBM HTTP Server and the web server plug-in • Configuring administrative security out of the box • Securing SSL communications with secured, self-signed certificates • Configuring data sources using new wizard • Installing applications using the new “fast-path” selection • Creating and debugging scripts using the new Jython editor and console Command Assistance * Based on IBM metrics vs. 6.0 Technical Overview

50. IBM Support Assistant • Bundled with WebSphere Application Serveras an electronic service desk • Helps manage problem reports and data collection • Provides Web or stand alone GUI access • Platform for serviceabilityand self-management going forward • Can update independently of WebSphere Application Serverruntime via Web download Technical Overview