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WAVES

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION PROPERTIES OF WAVES WAVE INTERFERENCE SOUND WAVES. WAVES. Telephone TEST - 50 points. Write your set of 5 words for transmission . Write words you heard in 1 minute . Take turns . Repeat for a different phone . Describe the clarity of transmission of data

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WAVES

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  1. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION PROPERTIES OF WAVES WAVE INTERFERENCE SOUND WAVES WAVES

  2. Telephone TEST - 50 points Write your set of 5 words for transmission . Write words you heard in 1 minute . Take turns . Repeat for a different phone . Describe the clarity of transmission of data Using : • String Phone • Shorter String Phone • Fishing line Phone • Shorter Fishing line Phone • Wire Phone • Shorter Wire Phone LABORATORY REPORT – 50 POINTS Purpose : Determine the best medium( string. Fishing line, wire) to transmit sound waves .Why ? What is the effect of the length of the medium to sound wave transmission . Materials : Data Table Conclusion :

  3. Pendulum Motion Packet Groups of 4 • Force Analysis Of Pendulum • Sinusoidal Nature of a Pendulum • Energy analysis • Period of A Pendulum Read your topic – 20 minutes Take Notes Share your information – 5minutes /each person . Write and number all the information about pendulum regarding all subtopic on paper . Score it.

  4. Pendulum Experiment

  5. Spring Motion Packet Groups of 5 a. Hooke’s Law • Force Analysis Of Spring • Sinusoidal Nature of a Spring • Energy analysis • Period of A Spring Read your topic – 15 minutes Take Notes Share your information – 5minutes /each person . Write and number all the information about pendulum regarding all subtopic on paper . Score it.

  6. Spring Experiment • Purpose : To determine the relation of the Force (Fs) on the stretch length (x) of the spring. To calculate the Spring constant . To calculate the period and frequency of the spring using T = 2Π m/k • Materials : Springs , 10 g , 2- 20g, 50g • Background Information and Physics Concepts 2 paragraphs about Springs IV. Diagram Set Up – Draw and label the experiment set up

  7. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION • Motion that is repeating or periodic. • Two types • Spring • Hooke’s Law states that the restoring force is proportional to the displacement • F = -kx • Units: Newtons • Negative: direction of the Force is opposite the displacement.

  8. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

  9. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

  10. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION • Stretch or compression provides three types of energy. • Max displacement • EPE = ½ k x 2 • V = 0 • A increase to max • Equilibrium position • Min x • Max KE • Max velocity • a = 0

  11. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION • Horizontal springs: • EPE elastic • KE • Vertical springs: • PE gravitational • EPE elastic • KE • Conservation of energy applies • Friction or damping force

  12. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION • Period of a spring • T = 2 √ m/k • Units: sec/cycle or sec/revolution or sec • f = 1 / T • Units: cycle/sec or revolution/sec or Hertz or s-1

  13. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION • Simple pendulum • For small angles • Restoring force is proportional to x. • Work done is ZERO • Max PE at the highest point • Max KE at the lowest point • Period of a pendulum • T = 2 √ l/g • Units: sec/cycle or sec/revolution or sec

  14. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

  15. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

  16. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

  17. CW: Problems • P 471 -476 • 2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,16a-b,20,21,32,33,34,35,,38,39,44,47,49

  18. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Follows a simple harmonic motion • Needs a source • Medium = matter • Matter does NOT travel only energy • Mechanical waves need a medium to travel • EM does not need a medium to travel • Pulse: single wave

  19. CW : Two Types of Waves Venn Diagram P 459 – 460

  20. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Two types of waves • Transverse waves • Disturbance is perpendicular to the propagation • EM

  21. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Longitudinal or compressional waves • Disturbance is parallel to the propagation • Sound waves

  22. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Parts of the wave • Wavelength (): length of a wave measured between two consecutive identical points • Frequency (f) • Period (T) • Amplitude (A): max height of the wave

  23. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Crest: highest point of transverse wave • Trough: lowest point of transverse wave

  24. PROPERTIES OF WAVES

  25. PROPERTIES OF WAVES • Compression: high density portion of compressional wave • Rarefaction: low density portion of compressional wave

  26. PROPERTIES OF WAVES

  27. Wave Equation • Speed = frequency x wavelength c = f  v = f  • c = speed of light = 3.0 x 10 8 m/s

  28. CW:Problems 63-70 p 474-475

  29. Reading CW Properties of the Wave Wave Characteristics

  30. WAVE INTERFERENCE • Energy travels…NOT matter • Superposition Principle: two or more waves will combine algebraically • Waves pass through without altering their shapes and size.

  31. WAVE INTERFERENCE • Constructive: resulting wave is larger in amplitude • In phase

  32. WAVE INTERFERENCE • Destructive: resulting wave is smaller in amplitude • Out of phase

  33. WAVE INTERFERENCE

  34. WAVE INTERFERENCE

  35. WAVE INTERFERENCE

  36. WAVE BEHAVIOR • Determining behavior when wave reaches a boundary (interface between two medium) • Incident pulse: incoming wave • Reflected pulse: a wave bouncing off a boundary • Transmitted pulse: wave continuing through to next medium • Upright • Inverted

  37. WAVE BEHAVIOR • Reflection: wave hits a boundary and returns • Newton’s third law • Speed and wavelength are the same • Amplitude is smaller

  38. WAVE BEHAVIOR

  39. WAVE BEHAVIOR • Transmitted: slower than reflected and smaller wavelength • Reflected: speed and wavelength are same as incident

  40. WAVE BEHAVIOR • Transmitted: faster and larger wavelength • Reflected: same speed and wavelength as incident

  41. WAVE BEHAVIOR • Refraction: change in direction of waves traveling from one medium to another • Speed and wavelength changes

  42. WAVE BEHAVIOR Diffraction: change in direction of waves as the wave passes through opening or around a barrier.

  43. SOUND WAVES • Compressional or longitudinal wave • High pressure and low pressure region • Speed depends on medium vsolid > vliquid> vgas • Speed depends on temperature Direct relationship 343 m/s at room temperature

  44. SOUND WAVES

  45. SOUND WAVES

  46. SOUND WAVES • Range of sound 20 to 20000 Hz • Infrasonic, audible, ultrasonic • Measured in decibels • Loudness is not intensity but related to amplitude of the wave • Energy of the wave is proportional to A2 • Intensity is power / area

  47. STANDING WAVES • Standing waves: reflected and incident wave interact to appear to be standing • Antinodes: largest amplitude • Nodes: zero amplitude

  48. STANDING WAVES

  49. STANDING WAVES • L = /2 • L = 2 / 2 =  • L = 3 / 2 • L = 4 / 2 = 2

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