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Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells

Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells. Cells in our world come in two basic types, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. "Karyose" comes from a Greek word which means "kernel," as in a kernel of grain. In biology, we use this word root to refer to the nucleus of a cell.

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Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells

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  1. Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells • Cells in our world come in two basic types, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. • "Karyose" comes from a Greek word which means "kernel," as in a kernel of grain. In biology, we use this word root to refer to the nucleus of a cell. • "Pro" means "before," and "eu" means "true," or "good." So "Prokaryotic" means "before a nucleus," and "eukaryotic" means "possessing a true nucleus."

  2. Prokaryotic Cell • Believed to be the first cells to evolve. • No “true” nucleus • Lack a membrane bound nucleus • No membrane bound organelles. • Ribosomes are only organelle.

  3. Prokaryotic Organisms • Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms • The largest group of organisms, mostly due to the vast assortment of bacteria which comprise the bulk of the prokaryote classification. • Kingdom Monera has been SPLIT- Archaebacteria, Eubacteria • Archaebacteria-hot springs, deep ocean vents • Halobacterium, Thermophiles • Eubacteria- everywhere • Examples: Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Streptococcus

  4. Types of Bacteria Coccus Bacillus Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli (E. coli )

  5. Organelles of Prokaryotic Organisms • Cell Wall • Cytoplasm • Cell Membrane • Ribosomes

  6. Eukaryotic Organism • “True nucleus”; contained in a membrane bound structure. • Membrane bound organelles. • Thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells.

  7. Eukaryotic Cell • Eukaryotes are generally more advanced than prokaryotes. • ALL multicellular organisms contain eukaryotic cells • Kingdoms:Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia • Protista-UNICELLULAR • Examples: Paramecium, Euglena, Amoeba (Yeast-Fungi) • Fungi, Plantae, Animalia-MULTICELLULAR • Examples: Mushroom, Moss, Salmon

  8. Eukaryotic Organelles • Nucleus • Cytoplasm • Mitochondrion • Cell Membrane • Endoplasmic Reticulum • Ribosomes • Vacuole • Lysosome • Plants/Fungi • Chloroplast • Cell Wall

  9. Eukaryotic Cells come in ALL shapes & sizes! Red Blood Cells Heart Muscle Cells Brain Cell Human Bone Cells

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