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3. 3. 2. 2. 1. 1. FROM THE ORIGIN. MEDIEVAL TIMES. TO. From 2000 BC to 1066 AD. 2000 BC Iberians settled in Britain VII century Gaels submitted Iberians IV century Britons came to Britain 55-121 AD Roman conquered Britain
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FROM THE ORIGIN MEDIEVAL TIMES TO
From 2000 BC to 1066 AD 2000 BC Iberians settled in Britain VII century Gaels submitted Iberians IV century Britons came to Britain 55-121 AD Roman conquered Britain 400 AD Germanic invaded the Island 410 AD Heptarchy Anglo-Saxon 787 AD Danes attacked Britan 878 AD Alfred The Great defeated Vikings
PRE-CELTIC PEOPLE Since 2000 BC Iberians came and settled in Britain. In about 7° century BC Gaels invaded the Island and they imposed their language. In the 4° century BC Britons subdued the Gaels .
STONEHENGE It is a huge temple. It was build in Bronze Age and is an extraordinary construction for the time. Stonehenge was produced by a culture that left no written records. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate.
ROMANS There are 3 steps in the Romans’ conquest. Under Julius Caesar Britain was explorated (55-54 BC). Emperor Claudius conquered the Land in 43 AD. Emperor Hadrian in 121 AD move battles against Picts and Scots.
HADRIAN’S WALL The Hadrian’s wall was build byRoman legions to defende Britain by invasions of Picts and Scots.
DANES Danes or Vikingswerefarming and cattle herding. Freemen constituted the basic of society. The Althing elected the Chieftains and the kings. There are no written records of Danish works up to the XI century. Their epic poems,known as Eddas,and their stories,known sagas,were passed on orally.
ANGLO-SAXON The Anglo-Saxon were farmers and fishermen and they loved musicand singing. In 410 AD divided the Land in 7 Kingdoms. Minstrels sang the stories of adventure, war or heroic legends. During VII centuries Anglo-Saxon literature borned. The poetry was divided into two categories: Pagan and Christian. Pagan poetry was divide into another two categories: Lyric and Epic.
EPIC The epic is a genre of classical poetry originating in Greece. It has elements in common: The poem begins with the invocation of a muse to inspire the poet The narration is in remote past It is a long narrative text The theme is focused on the heroes and their prowess The hero’s success will determine by the fate.
BEOWULF Beowulfconsists of two stories: The first story presents Beowulf as a young Scandinavian prince going to help the king of Danes; so he killed the troll Grendel and his mother. The second story is about Beowulf, when he has been king of the Gaets; he killed a dragon, but he died too. Beowulf is the title given to the oldest and best pagan epic it was composed between the 8° century and the 11° century. We don’t really know when or by who it composed. This epic poem was written in England, in Wessex dialect, with characteristic of Old English.
FROM 1066 TO 1485 A series of events happened in England from 1066 to 1485. 1066AD Norman Conquest and introdution of Feudal System 1215AD John Lackland signed the Magna Charta 1337-1453 AD Hundred Year’s War 1455-1485AD Wars of the Roses
NORMAN CONQUEST After Hastings Battle William,duke of Normandy,who killed Harold of Wessex in this battle, became king of England and introduced some innovations like Feudal System and the Costitution of Clarendon. So England at that time was an agricultural country. The villagers were divided into three social classes: Freeman Villeins Cottagers The merchant class was concentrated in towns, which gradually became more prosperous, so was created an association called the guild merchant, which excercised a monopoly on town
FEUDAL HIERARCHY KING • BARONS KNIGHTS PEASANTS OR VILLEINS
1215 This is one of the most importants date in the History of England. When Richard I died after the Third Crusade,John Lackland became king but he was terrible. Because of this, Barons obligated him to sign the Magna Charta. This document limited the king’s power and privileged hight-middle class and every man had liberty.
HUNDRED YEAR’S WAR Edward III wanted to trasform the kingdom in a military powers. He started the Hundred Year’s War against France. He obtained two important victories at Crecy (1346) and at Poitiers (1356) but France resisted for ten years later. After, Henry V resumed the War, conquered Harfleur and Angincourt. In 1420 France was forced to accept peace but, under the reign of Henry VI, French with Joan of Arc win the War.
POSITION OF WOMEN Women in Medieval England grew in importance. Like Joan of Arc,some women conquered powers: Noblewomen in politic and economy. They for example administering feuds. Abbesses in the convent provided education for upper-class girls. The women for the first time compared in the Elegies. In this poems they appared strong and authoritarian.
WARS OF THE ROSES Henry IV was the founder of the House of Lancaster. This House was in conflict with the House of York. In 1455, two Houses fighted and this conflict was called the Wars of the Roses. It ended in 1485 when Henry VII Tudor, who belong to both Houses, claimed the trone. The emblems which gave the name at the war
BLACK DEATH AND PEASANTS’ REVOLTE The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history. This illness killed 1.5 million people in England. Here wasn’t medical knowledge and, in 1381, when the population was too angry and tired for the taxes, the wars and the Black Death, initiated the Peasants’ revolte. It continued for 35 years later.
MEDIEVAL LYRICAL POETRY THE INFLUENCE OF FRENCH STYLE The old metrical system based on allitteration was now replaced by regular lines. The normans were the first to introduced the so-called metrical romans into England and was tales in verese dealing with love,chivarly and religion. THE LYRIC:A NEW SENSE OF NATURE The Normans introduced a new way of looking at nature. The poems so important was Cuckoo Song, which belived to be the earliest English lyric.
BALLADS The Ballads were anonymous poems. They may be grouped into 5 categories: Ballads of love jealousy Ballads of religious subjects Ballads about supernatural events Ballads about the rivaly between the English and the Scots Ballads about outlaws They were oral compositions and were accompanied by music and dances. dances.
THE END THE END CREATED BY: Vincenzo Cutrò Francesca Di Benedetto Francesca Palazzolo Bartolo Ponte
