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Polyatomic Ions & Chemical Nomenclature

Polyatomic Ions & Chemical Nomenclature. Meyer 2013 . Cations (+) need to be colored Blue Anions (-) need to be colored red All shapes need to be cut out and placed in a envelope. Poly atomic Ion Quiz. Quiz 1 Wednesday Quiz 2 Thursday Quiz 3 Friday

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Polyatomic Ions & Chemical Nomenclature

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  1. Polyatomic Ions & Chemical Nomenclature Meyer 2013

  2. Cations (+) need to be colored Blue • Anions (-) need to be colored red • All shapes need to be cut out and placed in a envelope

  3. Poly atomic Ion Quiz • Quiz 1 Wednesday • Quiz 2 Thursday • Quiz 3 Friday • Found in Lab manual • on Angle last pages +1 ammonium, NH4+ -1 acetate, C2H3O2-, or CH3COO - bromate, BrO3- chlorate, ClO3- chlorite, ClO2- cyanide, CN- hydrogen carbonate, HCO3- (also called bicarbonate) hydroxide, OH- hypochlorite, ClO- iodate, IO3- nitrate, NO3- nitrite, NO2- permanganate, MnO4- perchlorate, ClO4- thiocyanate, SCN - -2 carbonate, CO3 -2 chromate, CrO4 -2 dichromate, Cr2O7 -2 oxalate, C2O4 -2 peroxide, O2 -2 sulfate, SO4 -2 sulfite, SO3 -2 -3 phosphate, PO4 -3 phosphite, PO3-3 arsenate, AsO4-3

  4. Chemical Nomenclature - Nomenclature is how chemical compounds are named - You will be expected to convert between Formula ↔ Name NaCl↔ Sodium Chloride

  5. Outline of Chemical Nomeclature • Ionic Nomenclature • Fixed charge Cations • Variable charge Cations • Polyatomic Ions • Covalent Nomenclature • Covalent prefixes • Acids • Binary Acids • Oxy- acids

  6. Fixed Charge Vs Variable Charge Group 1 (alkali metals) are always (+1) Group 2(alkaline earth metals) are always (+2) Al = +3 / Zn = +2 / Ag = +1 All other cations are variable charge

  7. Fixed charge Cations All charges must cancel out (overall charge should = zero) • Cation is first • Anion is second • Anion ends with suffix “ide”

  8. Practice

  9. Practice

  10. Roman Numerals 1 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12

  11. Roman Numerals 1 I 7 VII 2 II 8 VIII 3 III 9 IX 4 IV 10 X 5 V 11 XI 6 VI 12 XII

  12. Variable Charge Cations All charges must cancel out (overall charge should = zero) • Cation is first • Anion is second • Anion ends with suffix “ide” 4. A roman numeral is placed between the cation and anion to indicate the cation’s charge

  13. Practice

  14. Practice

  15. Polyatomic ions All charges must cancel out (overall charge should = zero) • Cation is first • Anion is second (this is usually your poly atomic) • Polyatomic ions do not get a suffix • Variable cations get roman numeral, fixed do not • Multiple polyatomic ions are placed in parentheses “( )”

  16. Practice

  17. Practice

  18. Covalent Prefixes 1 = Mon 6 = Hex 2 = Di 7 = Hept 3 = Tri 8 = Oct 4 = Tetra 9 = Non 5 = Pent 10 = Dec Quiz over prefixes Tomorrow

  19. Covalent Nomenclature Charges are not important Ugliest anion goes first (most metal like) Second anion gets prefix and ends with suffix “ide” 3. First anion only gets prefix if more than one is present

  20. Practice

  21. Practice

  22. Acids • All acids start with the element Hydrogen (H) - Binary acids have 2 elements follow = Hydro _____ ic acid only four binary acids HF / HCl / HBr / HI

  23. Oxy-Acids • All oxy-acids contain oxygen (polyatomic Ion) - ate = ic H2SO4 = Sulfuric acid HNO3 = Nitric acid (ate something icky) - ite = ous HNO2 = Nitrous acid (bite something poisonous)

  24. Practice

  25. Practice

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