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Mitosis

Mitosis. Cell Growth Cycle DNA replicated in S phase mitosis occurs in M phase. Structure of chromosome . Structure of chromosome. Mitosis the process of one cell making two identical daughter cells . Phases of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase PMAT. prophase

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis

  2. Cell Growth Cycle • DNA replicated in S phase • mitosis occurs in M phase

  3. Structure of chromosome

  4. Structure of chromosome

  5. Mitosis • the process of one cell making two identical daughter cells

  6. Phases of Mitosis • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • PMAT

  7. prophase • chromatin condenses into chromosomes • sister chromosomes bound by centromere

  8. prophase • sister chromosomes (chromatids) bound by centromere • spindle fibers bind centromeres to the centrioles

  9. metaphase • centromeres align along the equator of the cell

  10. anaphase • sister chromatids separate • spindle fibers pull chromosomes towards the centrioles

  11. telophase • sister chromatids attach at opposite ends of the cells • both sets form new nuclei; unfold back into chromatin

  12. Cytokinesis • process of splitting the cytoplasm • cleavage furrow starts at the ‘equator’ of the cell

  13. Cytokinesis • cleavage furrow starts at the ‘equator’ of the cell • cleavage furrow splits cells in half

  14. Results of Mitosis • two identical daughter cells • all organelles and cytoplasm split evenly

  15. mitosis in an animal cell

  16. mitosis in plants

  17. Cytokinesis in plants • plant cells do not have use a cleavage furrow to separate • plants use a cell plate to split parent cell in two • the cell plate becomes the cell wall of the two daughter cells

  18. Cytokinesis in plants • cell plate

  19. Ploidy • number of sets of chromosomes in a cell • monopliod (hapliod): n • single set of chromosomes • dipliod: 2n • two sets of chromosomes

  20. Ploidy • human hapliod number? • 23 • human diploid number? • 46 • most all human cells are diploid, • 46 chromosomes

  21. Ploidy

  22. Ploidy

  23. Ploidy • When is a cell at n? 2n? • G1 – n • S phase/G2/part of M phase – 2n

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