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Information on the national higher education system

Information on the national higher education system. The basic structure of the Turkish National Education system consists of mainly four steps as pre-school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.

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Information on the national higher education system

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  1. Information on the national higher education system • The basic structure of the Turkish National Education system consists of mainly four steps as pre-school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.

  2. Higher education is defined as all post-secondary programs with a duration of at least two years. The system consists of universities (state and foundation) and non-university institutions of higher education (police and military academies and colleges)..

  3. Each university consists of faculties and four-year schools, offering bachelor's level programs, the latter with a vocational emphasis, and two year vocational schools offering pre-bachelor's (associate's) level programs of a strictly vocational nature.

  4. Graduate-level programs consists of master's and doctoral programs, coordinated by graduate schools. • Access to doctoral programs requires a master degree. Doctoral programs have a duration of minimum four years which consists of completion of courses, passing doctoral qualifying examination, and preparing and defending a doctoral thesis.

  5. Undergraduate education in aquaculture and fisheries • In Turkey, aquaculture education run within different structures based on universities: • 1.Faculties of Fisheries and Aquaculture • 2.Departments of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Faculties of Agriculture • 3.Faculties of Marine Sciences

  6. At Ankara University and other three public universities undergraduate courses are provided within the general higher education of agricultural engineers (4 years in length at universities); at the end of education students get a diploma with a certification in it about their specialization.

  7. The Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture in Agricultural Faculty of Ankara University offers a degree in Agricultural Engineering with aquaculture specialisation, and follows a partly different organisational structure from the other Faculties of Fisheries & Aquaculture. • In Faculties of Fisheries and Aquaculture at various universities ‘aquacultural engineer’ title is given.

  8. Fisheries and Aquaculture courses both in Departmental structure and faculty organisation have a general framework, with some specialised elements: Fisheries Biology, Ichthyology, Fish Diseases, Water Quality as well as Water Pollution, Aquaculture of Freshwater fishes, Marine fishes and Shellfish, Fishing Technology, Fisheries Management, Limnologia as well as oceanographia.

  9. Undergraduate courses FISH ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY SHELLFISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES PLANKTON AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES NET MATERIAL AND NETTING TECHNIQUES AQUARIUM FISH AND BREEDING TECHNIQUES FISH BIOLOGY

  10. WATER QUALITY CRITERIA IN AQUACULTURE • FISHERIES MANAGEMENT • LIMNOLOGY • OCEANOGRAPHY • WATER POLLUTION AND CONTROL • FISH DISEASES • MARINE FISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES

  11. FRESHWATER FISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES • FISHING TECHNIQUES • FISH BREEDING • AQUATIC PLANTS AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES • POPULATION DYNAMICS • WATER TOXICOLOGY • FISHERIES LAW AND REGULATIONS • AQUACULTURE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS • AQUACULTURE PROJECTS • GRADUATION THESIS • PRACTICAL WORK (a total of 45 days, in fish farms, labs. etc)

  12. The course of Fish Diseases • Course and laboratory work is given in 4 th year and the last semester (8th) • Two hours theorotical+two hours lab./a week (a total of fourteen weeks) • 4 ECTS • Compulsory laboratory work has to be achieved before taking written final exam

  13. Contents of Fish Diseases Courses • Basic aspects of fish physiology • Basic aspects of fish immunology • Disease Sypmtoms Behavioural sypmtoms of disease • - General external visual signs • - Internal signs of disease

  14. 2. Infectious Diseases (Virus,Bacteria and Fungi) • - Viral pathogens and diseases • - Bacterial pathogens and diseases

  15. Gram positive bacteria caused diseases • Streptococcus spp. • Renibacterium salmoninarum • - Fungal pathogens and diseases • Aphanomyces invadans • Saprolegnia parasitica, S. dicline, S. invaderis • Ichthyosporidium hoferi • Branchiomyces sanguinis, B. demigrans

  16. 3. Parasitic Diseases • - Protozoonal diseases • Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Ichthyobodo necatrix,Hexamita spp., Chilodonella cyprini, Trichodina spp., Epistylis spp., other species. • - Monogenean and Digenean flukes • Gyrodactylus spp., Dactylogyrus spp. – Sanguinicola inermis, Diplostomum spp. Posthodiplostomum spp. • - Tapeworms (Cestoda) • Bothriocephalus acheliognathi, Ligula intestinalis, Diphyllobothrium latum, Proteocephalus spp. • - Nematodes • Cammallanus spp., Raphidascaris acus, Anisakis spp., Eustrongyloides spp., Philometra abdominalis. • - Acanthocephalans

  17. Parasitic Crustaceans • Argulus spp., Lernaea spp., Ergasilus spp., • Non-infectious diseases • . Environmental Diseases • - Water quality (Temperature, Dissolved gases, pH, Nitrogenous wastes and other pollutanst • Nutritionally Induced Diseases

  18. - Nutrition related diseases • Diseases of Eggs and Fry • Management of Fish Health • Treatment and Prophyllacis

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