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Long − Range Transport of Asian Sulfate and Its Effects on the Canadian Sulfate Burden

Long − Range Transport of Asian Sulfate and Its Effects on the Canadian Sulfate Burden. Aaron van Donkelaar , Randall V. Martin – Dalhousie University W. Richard Leaitch, Anne Marie Macdonald – Environment Canada Thomas W. Walker – University of Toronto

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Long − Range Transport of Asian Sulfate and Its Effects on the Canadian Sulfate Burden

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  1. Long−Range Transport of Asian Sulfate and Its Effects on the Canadian Sulfate Burden Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin – Dalhousie University W. Richard Leaitch, Anne Marie Macdonald – Environment Canada Thomas W. Walker – University of Toronto David G. Streets, Qiang Zhang – Argonne National Laboratory Edward Dunlea, Jose L. Jimenez – University of Colorado Jack E. Dibb – University of New Hampshire Greg Huey, Rodney Weber – Georgia Institute of Technology Meinrat O. Andreae – Max Plank Institute for Chemistry AGU Fall Meeting 2007 December, 14th, 2007

  2. INTEX−B • Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Phase B • NASA driven campaign • April-May 2006

  3. Trans−Pacific sulfate observed at Whistler? H2O Concentration [g H2O/kg] 0 3 6 600 700 800 900 SO4= • Sulfate enhancement in free troposphere • Organic enhancement in boundary layer • Sulfate mass scaled by 1.4 to compensate for size restrictions 4 3 2 1 Pressure [hPa] Altitude [km] Org NH3 0 1 2 3 Aerosol Concentration [µg/m3]

  4. Sulfate contributes to East Asian AOD MODIS Model (GEOS-Chem) MISR Model held at 2000 anthropogenic emissions MODIS MISR All Dust Model SO4=

  5. Fall AOD trend reflects SOx emissions Model held at 2000 anthropogenic emissions MODIS MISR All Dust Model SO4= 6.2 – 9.6% emission growth per year

  6. Aircraft Full Emissions No East Asia Model No Anthro. Asian sulfate dominates INTEX−B sulfate • Filter Pack 25% higher than unscaled Mist Chamber • C130 and Cessna measurements scaled by 1.4

  7. Aircraft Full Emissions No East Asia Model No Anthro. Significant growth to East Asian contribution • 2.4-3.4x increase in simulated East Asian contribution since 1985

  8. Long−range transport affects NA sulfate burden SO4= at 2.0 km • April-May 2006 • Persistent East Asian contribution at 4 km • Near Vancouver: • 25-30% of surface sulfate of east Asian origin • 40% of sulfate burden (1-5 km) of east Asian origin SO4= [µg/m3] Altitude [km] Altitude [km] % Asian SO4=

  9. Long−range transport degrades surface air quality • Mean surface conditions well correlated with simulated East Asian influence during April-May 2006 • Mean increase of 0.38 µg/m3 per +10% Asian influence Measured SO4= [µg/m3] % Asian (simulated)

  10. Conclusions • 6.2-9.6% annual mean increase in anthropogenic East Asian SOx emissions since 2000 • 2.4-3.4x increase in the relative contribution of East Asian sulfate since 1985 • Anthropogenic East Asian sulfate degrades NA surface air quality

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