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Psych 241 – Methods Lab section 03

Psych 241 – Methods Lab section 03. TuTh – 4:00-5:15. Quiz. Absences: Don’t miss more than four. Try not to miss any, of course!. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures?. Title: Clear, concise, and interesting! Abstract: Is this article something worth reading?

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Psych 241 – Methods Lab section 03

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  1. Psych 241 – MethodsLab section 03 TuTh – 4:00-5:15

  2. Quiz • Absences: Don’t miss more than four. Try not to miss any, of course!

  3. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Title: Clear, concise, and interesting! • Abstract: • Is this article something worth reading? • What was the basic idea and finding of this research? • Introduction: • Why did they do this research? • What do we already know about this topic, and what do we not know?

  4. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Introduction Questions: • What does the author say is wrong with the previous study by Rosinski, Golikoff, and Kukish (1975)? • They did not look at how quickly students could label pictures without any words. • How did Stroop, in his original study, control for this problem? • Stroop used as a control (non-word) condition naming color swatches (blocks of color).

  5. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Introduction Questions: • Where is the researcher’s hypothesis stated in this report? • In the last part of paragraph 1 at top of second column (page 39) and a secondary hypothesis is in the next paragraph. • Is there only one hypothesis? • No, there are two.

  6. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Introduction Questions: • What are the hypotheses? • 1) Performance will be faster in a condition with no words as compared with incongruent words (i.e. incongruent labels will cause interference) and there may be a positive effect of congruent words. • 2) There will be differences between the performance of poor and average/above average readers. • Is it an inductive or a deductive hypothesis? • The first appears to be more deductive, and the second, inductive.

  7. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Method: • The method used in the research. • A “recipe” of how the study was done that can be used for replication. • Unlike this paper, it is important to include subsections! • Participants • Materials • Procedure

  8. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Method Questions: • Who were the participants in this study? • 16 second graders, 16 fifth graders, and 16 Junior High students, equal #s male and female. Also 8 poor second-grade readers. • What were the three stimulus conditions in this study? • Control condition (no words) • Congruent condition (words that matched the image) • Incongruent condition (words that did not match the image)

  9. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures?

  10. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Results Questions: • What did the author use as her criterion for rejection of the null hypothesis? • Criterion: p<.01 • What statistical test did she perform? • Analysis of variance or “F-test” • Were the results for congruent versus no-word significant? What was the “p”? • Yes, F(l,18) = 22.05, p < .01

  11. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Results Questions: • In the second paragraph the author describes the analysis for the discrepant condition. Were the results significant? • Yes, F(l,18) = 66.44, p <.01. It took longer to name pictures with incongruent labels than pictures without words (no labels).

  12. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Discussion: • Things to cover: • Summarize your findings • Relate to previous research • Talk about any weaknesses or limitations of your study • Talk about future directions for research • Talk about real-world applications of your research

  13. Do Words Really Interfere in Naming Pictures? • Discussion Questions: • Do the results of this study support the findings of previous researchers (Ronsinski et al)? • Yes. Interference is indeed occurring, and the magnitude of interference is related to age, with beginning readers suffering more than proficient readers. • Does the author suggest a possible future direction? • No.

  14. Note on writing! • Formatting is key. • OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab

  15. Homework • Read Chapter 3 of the APA handbook • Read “Thinking Straight and Writing that Way” on the course website: http://courses.umass.edu/psyc241/

  16. Contact Information • ladelman@psych.umass.edu • Tobin 626 • Office hour: Tuesdays from 1-2pm

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