140 likes | 146 Views
Chapter 2 Section 3 . The Chemistry of Life. Atom. Everything, living or non-living, is made of atoms Smallest part of matter or element Parts of the atom include the neutrons, electrons and protons. Element. A substance made of one type of atom Found on the periodic table.
E N D
Chapter 2 Section 3 The Chemistry of Life
Atom • Everything, living or non-living, is made of atoms • Smallest part of matter or element • Parts of the atom include the neutrons, electrons and protons
Element • A substance made of one type of atom • Found on the periodic table
Molecule • When two or more atoms join together H2O – water
Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur C H N O P S 6 Common Elements in Living things
Proteins • Base unit is called amino acids • Most abundant material in cell after water
Protein Functions • Makes feathers, hair and spider webs • Hemoglobin – oxygen to body parts • Enzymes – chemical reactions
Carbohydrates • Made of sugar • Cells use as a source for energy • Simple or complex carbs • Simple = one or a few sugars • Complex= many sugars
Starch • Plants store complex carbohydrates as starch • Found in potatoes
Lipids • Compounds that cannot mix with water • Store energy
Fats and Oils • Store energy • Structures are almost identical • Fats – solid at room temp • Oils – liquid at room temp
Phospholipids • Make the cell membrane Water loving Water fearing Water loving
Nucleic acids • Made of base units called nucleotides • Blue prints of life • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
The Cell’s Fuel • ATP • Adenosine triphosphate • comes from broken down food molecules