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PRT 2008

PRT 2008. Lecture 11. International agricultural trade. Total merchandise trade Malaysia trade performance (1992-1994) Market trade performance Agricultural trade. Total merchandise trade. Grew from USD 81.53 b (1994) to 231.67 b (2004) - averages 8.8.%/year

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PRT 2008

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  1. PRT 2008 Lecture 11

  2. International agricultural trade • Total merchandise trade • Malaysia trade performance (1992-1994) • Market trade performance • Agricultural trade

  3. Total merchandise trade • Grew from USD 81.53 b (1994) to 231.67 b (2004) - averages 8.8.%/year • This supports the importance of international trade to Malaysia and its economic growth • Manufacturing remains one of the main sources of growth

  4. Cont. • Malaysia moves towards the target of vision 2020 • 18th largest exporter since 1997. In 1998 it dropped to 20th. • In 2003, Malaysia ranked higher than Sweden, Switzerland, Austria, Ireland, Australia, NZ, Norway, Denmark, Portugal

  5. Malaysia’s trade performance (1992-2004) • Malaysia’s competitiveness has lead to exporters to make major inroad into the export market • Total export increased from USD 40.5 b (1994) to 104.97 b (2003) - growth rate of 9.9 %/year • Import growth of 25.8 %, reaching USD 105.17 b in 2004.

  6. Cont. • Import of capital of goods to sustain industrial activities • 11.8 % increase in production index in 2004 • Trade surplus was USD 21.15 b in 2004

  7. Market trade performance in 2002-2004 • Export to major trading partners showed increases • Due to better economy of trading partners – US, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Germany • Also expansion in intra-ASEAN trade • Malaysia’s growing export to Russia, West Asia and India help increase trade

  8. Cont. • In 2004, export to US expanded by 15.6 % (USD 23.73 b) • To Singapore by 14.9 % (18.99) • Japan by 13.9 % (12.78) • To China by 24.2 % (8.46) • Hong Kong by 11.3 % (7.55) • Thailand by 30.8 % (6.04) • Korea by 45.8 % (4.43)

  9. Cont. • In 2004, sources of import are: • Japan (USD 16.77 b) • US (15.2 b) • Singapore (11.71 b) • China (10.34 b) • Taiwan (5.2 b) • Among ASEAN countries, the major sources are Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia

  10. Agricultural trade • Over the years, agricultural trade has generated trade surpluses • In 2002, a surplus of USD 3.08 was accumulated • Maintained due to palm oil - 52 % of export share (USD 3.83 %)

  11. Cont. • Malaysia is food deficit country • In 1985, food import deficit was USD 0.92 billion • In 1990, it was USD 1.21 b • 1997, it was 2.63 b • 2000, it was 3 b

  12. Cont. • Import items are: • Maize, sugar, wheat • Rice, soybean, • Various food preparations • Rubber and cocoa bean are imported, process and re-exported • Import items accounted for 43 % of the total agricultural import in 2002

  13. Cont. • Export items • Palm oil, rubber, fatty acid • Palm kernel oil, various food preparations • Sugar, cocoa butter • Export items accounted for 78 % of the total agricultural export in 2002

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