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JCM 106 Computer Application for Journalism. Lecture 1 – Introduction to Computing. Outline. History of Computer Bill Gates vs Steve Jobs What is a Computer? Data Representation Software Hardware Different type of microcomputer Communication. History of Computer. History of Computer.
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JCM 106 Computer Application for Journalism Lecture 1 – Introduction to Computing
Outline • History of Computer • Bill Gates vs Steve Jobs • What is a Computer? • Data Representation • Software • Hardware • Different type of microcomputer • Communication
What is a computer? • Computer is a electronic devices that process data, converting it information that is useful to people.
Data Representation • All computers are based on the binary number system • A bit or binary digit has one of two values, zero or one • A byte is the smallest addressable unit of memory (8 bits) • ASCII provides for 256 (or 28) characters • 01000001 – A • 01000010 – B • etc. • Unicode 16-32 bits (Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French,…..) • EDBDIC used in mainframe or supercomputer
Software • The instructions tell a computer what to do • Software = program • Two type of software: • System software • Operating system • Utilities • Device driver • Application software • General purpose • Specialized application
System Software • Operating System • Managing resources - memory, processing, storage, and devices such as printers and monitors. • Provide user interface – How the user interacts with the computer. Almost all newer operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI). • Running applications - load and run applications such as word processors and spreadsheets. Most operating systems support multitasking, or the ability to switch between different applications stored in memory.
Application software • Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks. • General Application Software • Browser • Internal Explorer • Firefox • Safari
Application software • Specialized Software • MS Office– Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint • Word processing software allows users to create and manipulate documents • Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations. Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form • Presentation software allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group • Audio & Video Software – Final Cut Pro ( Mac) • Graphics program – Photoshop, Corel Draw • Web authoring tools and programs – DreamWeaver
Software licensees • A contract distributed with a program that gives you the right to install and use the program on only one computer. • Type of licensees • Single user license, Volume license • Site license • Shareware • Freeware • Electronic software distribution
Memory Input Central processing unit (CPU) Output Communication Device Auxiliary Storage Auxiliary Storage Any Computer System
Sound inputs • Computer equipped with sound cards can accept sound input with microphone • Popular sound formats • Windows WAV, AU sounds, MPEG – MP3/4. • Voice/ Speech recognition • Accept the spoken word by using microphone and then converting into binary code for processing in the computer
Document files • Word processor file – memo, letters • E.g. MS WORD, Pages (Mac) • Spreadsheet file – sales analysis, budget • E.g. MS Excel, Numbers (Mac) • Presentation file – slides, speaker notes • E.g. MS PowerPoint, Keynote (Mac) • Database file • E.g. MS Access