African Cultures

1. African Cultures

3. Words to Know • Arab • Ashanti • San • Swahili • Bantu

4. Graphic Organizer Religion Life Style Culture Location Language

5. Ethnic Groups: In an ethnic group they share characteristics such as physical features, language, traditions, and customs. Ethnic Groups and Religion VS Religion: They are not a certain ethnic group, but they do share a common belief system.

6. African Ethnic Groups

7. Africa Religious Groups • In Africa the three major religions are Traditional Beliefs, Christianity, and Islam. • Traditional beliefs may include worship of ancestors, spirits, gods, animals, land, inanimate objects, and/or natural phenomena.

8. Arab • Arabic culture was first spread in the Middle East beginning in the 2nd century as ethnically Arab Christians such as the Ghassanids, Lakhmids and BanuJudham began migrating into the Northern Arabian desert and the Levant. The Arabic language gained greater prominence with the rise of Islam in the 7th century AD as the language of the Qur'an.

9. Arab • Genealogical: someone who can trace his or her ancestry to the tribes of Arabia - the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula - and the Syrian Desert. • Language is Arabic, including any of its varieties. • Location-througout the world however mostly in North Africa and the Middle East.

10. Interactive Notebook Question (Left Side) • Think-Pair-Share • Did you know Arabs were found all over North Africa? • Do you think most Americans know that? • Why do you think many Americans are not aware North Africans are Arabs?

11. Graphic Organizer Sunni Islam Modern(Varies between affluent to poverty Arab Middle East and North Africa Arab

12. Ashanti 2:00 • There are close to 7 million people that are Ashanti. • Ashanti is a major ethnic group in Ghana. • Their religion is a mixture of supernatural and spiritual powers. They believe in fairies, witches, and forest monsters. They also believe that plants and animals have souls. • The Ashanti people speak TWI. It is a language spoken in Ghana. • Their lifestyle is modern.

13. The Ashanti are one of Africa's matrilineal societies where line of descent is traced through the female. Historically, this mother relationship determined land rights, inheritance of property, offices and titles. • The Ashanti require a bride price - various goods given by the boy's family to that of the girl. Sometimes nuptial arrangements were arranged before the birth of the couple. Parents allowed boys some initiative, but he must receive the consent of the households, the only formalities required.

15. Where are the Ashanti? Arab Ashanti Bantu/Swahili

16. Graphic Organizer Traditional(Spiritual and supernatural powers)/Christianity Modern (Poverty) Ashanti West Africa, Ghana TWI

17. Interactive Notebook Question (Left Side) • Think-Pair-Share • Why do the Ashanti practice Christianity?

18. Bantu • The Bantu religion is traditional. • The people speak Bantu. Over 400 groups of people in Africa share the language. • They are located in Sub-Sahara Africa and make up 2/3 of Africa’s population. • The Bantu lifestyle is modern. • The Bantu expansion was a millennia-long series of physical migrations across Africa. It diffused their language and knowledge between populations. • All of the mother’s side of the family own land rights, inheritance of property, offices, and titles.

21. Graphic Organizer Traditional (Ancestors) Modern (Poverty) Bantu Sub-Sahara Africa Bantu

22. Interactive Notebook Question (Left Side) • Think-Pair-Share • What would have been a cause(s) for the Bantu to move into different parts of Africa?

23. San • The Bushmen, San, Basarwa, Kung or Khweare indigenous people of southern Africa which spans most areas of South Africa, Zimbabwe , Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Botswana, Namibia and Angola. They were traditionally hunter-gatherers. • Genetic evidence suggests they are one of the oldest, if not the oldest, peoples in the world — a "genetic Adam" according to Spencer Wells, from which all humans can ultimately trace their genetic heritage.

24. Where are the San? Arab Ashanti Bantu/Swahili

25. Graphic Organizer Traditional Nomadic San Southern Africa Khoisan languages

26. Swahili • The Swahili religion is Islam. • Their first language is Swahili. Several ethnic groups along the Indian coast line speak Swahili.It is the official working language of the African Union. • The Swahili’s modern location is in East Africa. • Their lifestyle is modern.

28. Where are the Swahili? Arab Ashanti Bantu/Swahili

29. Graphic Organizer Sunni Islam (traditional minority) Modern Swahili East Africa Swahili (Arab+Bantu)

30. Learning Log • On the left side of your paper, answer these questions: • 1. Today I learned… • 2. Which culture did you struggle with?

31. Summarizing Activity 1(Left hand side) • Draw the following: • How people live in The Sahara: Types of Housing, Types of Food, enough water? • How people work in The Sahara: Types of Industry? Cities? Towns? • How people travel in The Sahara: Cars? Paved Roads? Water?

32. Summarizing Activity 2(Left hand side) • Draw the following: • How people live in The Sahel: Types of Housing, Types of Food, enough water? • How people work in The Sahel: Types of Industry? Cities? Towns? • How people travel in The Sahel: Cars? Paved Roads? Water?

33. Summarizing Activity 3(Left hand side) • Draw the following: • How people live in the Tropical Rain Forest: Types of Housing, Types of Food, enough water? • How people work in the Tropical Rain Forest : Types of Industry? Cities? Towns? • How people travel in the Tropical Rain Forest: Cars? Paved Roads? Water?