History of Book: writing and printing

1. History of Book: writing and printing

2. The world’s first printed book Johannes Gutenberg

3. Movable metal type

4. Gutenberg Bible

5. Gutenberg Bible

6. The invention of printing 700 AD China

7. The invention of printing Movable type in clay 1040 AD, Movable type in clay, China Bi-Sheng

8. The world’s earliest surviving book Diamond Sutra: Buddhist book (868 AD)

9. Writing tools 2600 BC, Chinese ink

10. Chinese Manuscript on bamboo slips dating from Warring States period (475-221 BC)

11. Printing and paper 2600 B.C., the Egyptians wrote on the papyrus

12. Invention of paper 100 AD, Chinese made paper from tree bark

13. Paper Industry in Muslim world Paper, originally, was brought by the Muslims from China. After the battle of Tallas (751) fought between Chinese and Muslims, Chinese prisoners revealed the secret of paper making to the Muslims. From an art, the Muslims developed it into a major industry.

14. Paper Industry in Muslim world 800 AD, Paper mills flourished in Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Morocco, from there goes to the west Large production of paper contributes to the invention of printing

15. Paper Industry in Muslim world • the Muslims: “accomplished a feat of crucial significance not only to the history of the Islamic book but also to the whole world of books.”

16. Parchment

17. The craft of making a book Crafting book Book Binding Program @North Benetton Street School

23. Printing Press Wine press printing press, 1811

25. Analysis of the Gutenberg Bible • Typeface: textur--- from abbey scribes free textur • Design: a pleasing combination of text and graphic elements --- power, prestige, artistic beauty • Longevity: 48 exist today

26. Gutenberg Bible

27. History of Writing Bison---Cave Painting, South France over 30, 000 years ago Drawing: Pictograph and Ideograph

28. Dotted Hyena---Cave Painting, South France over 30, 000 years ago

29. Historical • Writing: • 12,000 BC, the Sumerians, lived in Mesopotamia, between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, invented the first system of writing • 3500 BC, clay tablets

30. Historical Uruk, Iraq (3300-3100 BC)

31. Historical

32. Historical

33. Historical cuneiform 4th–1st century BC.

34. Historical • The Egyptians’ hieroglyphs: poetic, beautiful • 700-5000 characters • By 1500 BC, two forms of hieroglyphic writing: • Hieratic • Demotic

35. Historical Rosetta Stone, written in 196 BC, was discovered in 1799, during Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt. It tells the same edict in 3 languages: ancient hieroglyphics, demotic, Greek. It was from this stone, people was able to translate demotic and hieroglyphics on papyrus and pyramids. More ancient Egyptian culture was know to the world. French scholar Jean-Francois Champollion created a dictionary for hieroglyphics.

36. Historical

37. Historical: writing • The Phoenicians: • invented alphabet, 22 letters • The Greeks: • Learned alphabet from Phoenician • changed 5 consonants to vowels a, e, i, o, u, total 24 letters • Introduced uppercase lowercase letters • The Romans • Made adjustment to the Greek writing, add W and J • Zapotecand Maya in south America

38. Historical: printing • Venetian: Aldus Manutius • printed philosopher's works (Aristotle), fictions, • invented Italic type

39. Historical: printing • Industrial Revolution with James Watt’s steam engine, invented in 1769. • 1814 Frederich Koenig (German) invented steam press, print 1,110 sheets a day

40. Historical: printingHot Type • 1886, linotype automated typesetting machine was invented, set 9000 letters/hour, lines, use lead, can be melted and used again • 1887, Monotype machine (individual letters), easy to correct • 1928, Teletypesetter

41. Historical: printingCold Type Production • Phototypesetting/cold type: Use photographic rather than metal to create typefaces • Digital typesetting with computer • 1984, apple’s machintosh produce words and graphs on the same system • 1985, Apple’s Laserwriter printer