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The Reproductive System

PART 2. The Reproductive System. Accessory Glands. The seminal vesicles Lie on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder Secretes about 60% of the volume of semen Fluid contains Fructose to nourish sperm Substances to enhance sperm motility Prostaglandins

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The Reproductive System

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  1. PART 2 The Reproductive System

  2. Accessory Glands • The seminal vesicles • Lie on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder • Secretes about 60% of the volume of semen • Fluid contains • Fructose to nourish sperm • Substances to enhance sperm motility • Prostaglandins • Substances that suppress immune response against semen • Enzymes that clot and then liquify semen

  3. Accessory Glands • The prostate gland • Encircles the prostatic urethra • Consists of 20 – 30 compound tubuloalveolar glands • Secretes about 25 – 30% of seminal fluid • Contains substances that • Enhance sperm motility • Enzymes that clot and then liquify semen

  4. Accessory Glands Figure 24.9a, b

  5. Accessory Glands • The bulbourethral glands • Pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate gland • Produce a mucus • Mucus enters spongy urethra prior to ejaculation • Neutralizes traces of acidic urine • Lubricates urethra PLAY Male Reproductive Anatomy

  6. The Penis • External anatomy • Shaft – body • Glans penis – distal expanded end • Prepuce – foreskin • Removed during circumcision

  7. The Penis • Internal Anatomy • Three erectile bodies • One corpus spongiosum • Surrounds spongy urethra • Two coropora cavernosa • Contain sinuses, make up most of the penis

  8. The Penis Figure 24.8a, b

  9. The Male Perineum • Contains – scrotum, root of penis, anus • Diamond-shaped area between • Pubic symphysis anteriorly • Coccyx posteriorly • Ischial tuberosities laterally

  10. The Male Perineum Figure 24.10

  11. The Female Reproductive System • Produces gametes (ova) • Prepares to support a developing embryo • Undergoes changes according to the menstrual cycle

  12. Female Internal Reproductive Organs Figure 24.11

  13. The Female Reproductive System Figure 24.12a

  14. The Ovaries • Small, almond-shaped organs • Produce ova • Held in place by ligaments and mesenteries • Broad ligament • Suspensory ligament • Ovarian ligament • Ovarian arteries – arterial supply

  15. Internal Structure of the Ovaries • Tunica albuginea • Fibrous capsule of the ovary • Covered in simple columnar epithelium • Ovarian cortex – houses developing oocytes • Follicles – multicellular sacs housing oocytes

  16. Structure of the Ovary Figure 24.13

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