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Nicole Ozdowski Samantha Candalor Andrew Lingenfelter Fernando Marill-Tabares

Shedding Light on. Wave-Particle Duality. Nicole Ozdowski Samantha Candalor Andrew Lingenfelter Fernando Marill-Tabares. An Investigation of Light. Wave Theory of Light. Aristotle (384–322 BC) [4th century BC]. Pythagoras (570-495 BC) [6th century BC]. 17th Century:.

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Nicole Ozdowski Samantha Candalor Andrew Lingenfelter Fernando Marill-Tabares

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  1. Shedding Light on Wave-Particle Duality Nicole Ozdowski Samantha Candalor Andrew Lingenfelter Fernando Marill-Tabares An Investigation of Light

  2. Wave Theory of Light Aristotle (384–322 BC) [4th century BC] Pythagoras (570-495 BC) [6th century BC]

  3. 17th Century: Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

  4. 19th Century: Thomas Young (1773-1829) Augustin Fresnel (1788-1827)

  5. 1861: • Proved that Electricity and Magnetism were expressions of the same thing. • Found the equality between an electromagnetic wave and light James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879)

  6. Einstein’s Photoelectric Effect Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

  7. Quantum Mechanics: Wave-Particle Duality Wave? Particle? Both?

  8. Interference Constructive Interference Destructive Interference

  9. Young’s Double Slit Experiment Δx = λD/a Δxr = 0.47cm Δxg = 0.40cm

  10. Setting Up the Experiment Light Sensor and Single Slit Laser and Double Slit

  11. Results Δxr,th = 0.47cm Δxr,exp = 0.467cm %error = 0.64% Δxg,th = 0.40cm Δxg,exp = 0.413cm %error = 3.25% Conclusion: Light acts as a wave.

  12. The Photoelectric Experiment

  13. The Concept

  14. Setting Up the Experiment Mercury Lamp and Detector Amplifier and Meters

  15. Results • V=(h/e)*f • Slope is equal to h/e • h/e = -4.136*10-15 Js/C • Our slope = -2.317*10-15Js/C The closeness of the two values confirms the photoelectric effect. Conclusion: Light acts as a particle.

  16. Single Photon Detection Double Slit Experiment • Repeat the double slit experiment • Count photons instead of measuring intensity • If light is a wave then detector won’t count • If light is a particle, there won’t be an interference pattern.

  17. Experimental Setup Laser and Double Slit Photomultiplier tube

  18. Results Theoretical ΔX: 0.2626 cm Experimental ΔX: 0.2622 cm Error: 0.15% Counts of Single Photons produce an Interference Pattern. Conclusion: Light acts as a wave and a particle.

  19. Conclusion Is light a wave? The double slit experiment says yes. Is light a particle? The photoelectric experiment says yes. Is light both? The photon detection experiment says yes. Therefore…

  20. Light is a Wavicle.

  21. Quantum Mechanics: Wave-Particle Duality Light as a Particle: • Well defined position • Wavelength is unclear • Can slam into particles Light as a Wave: • Well defined momentum and wavelength • Position is spread out and unclear • Can interfere and diffract as a wave would

  22. Acknowledgments Dr. Luokkala - PGSS Director Patrick Diggins and Zach McDargh - Project Leaders Patty Yoritomo - Project TA Corporate and Private Sponsors PGSS Alumni Association PGSS Campaign

  23. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Young_(scientist)#mediaviewer/File:Thomas_Young_(scientist).jpg http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/images/quantum_double_slit.jpg http://i.stack.imgur.com/Q4brH.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg http://images.gizmag.com/hero/so-you-think-youre-confused-about-quantum-mechanics-9.jpg http://www.scenicreflections.com/files/Marble_columns_Wallpaper_f3cq8.jpg http://evlocker.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/2012-02-18.jpg http://www.marius-riether.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Particles1.jpg http://www.quantumdiaries.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/feynman_qqGamee1.png https://wiki.brown.edu/confluence/download/attachments/72637259/image003.Png http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/21st_century_science/lectures/lec13.html http://hdw.eweb4.com/wallpapers/8080/ http://www.faqs.org/docs/qp/chap03.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Hertz

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