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Notes 41 - Topic 7 - Atomic and Nuclear Physics

Notes 41 - Topic 7 - Atomic and Nuclear Physics - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 .2.6 Radioactive Decay is a random process

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Notes 41 - Topic 7 - Atomic and Nuclear Physics

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  1. Notes 41 - Topic 7 - Atomic and Nuclear Physics -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.2.6 Radioactive Decay is a random process • A random process for each unstable nucleus which brings stability by the loss of a particle (alpha, beta, positron) or energy (gamma ray); • There is a 50-50 chance of any one particular nucleus decaying at any specific time; All Known Radioactive Isotopes http://lectureonline.cl.msu.edu/~mmp/kap30/Nuclear/nuc.htm

  2. 7.2.7 Half-life (T1/2); • The time required for 50% of the nuclei of an unstable isotope to decay; Half-Life Simulation 1 http://lectureonline.cl.msu.edu/~mmp/applist/decay/decay.htm

  3. 7.2.8 The half-life of a Nuclide from a Decay Curve; The Y-axis can represent... 1. Number of Parent Nuclei (N); 2. Rate of Decay in Decays per second (∆N / ∆t ) The X-axis always represents time;

  4. N = No­ 2t/T 1/2 half-life equations

  5. 7.2.9 Radioactive Decay Problems The half-life of Iodine-131 is 8.00 days. How much of an initial 200. g sample of I-131 would remain after 40 days? (show solution in NB) Given: Unknown: Equation:

  6. An isotope has a T1/2 of 20. minutes. If initially there is 1024 g of this isotope, how much time must pass until only 128 g remain? Given: Unknown: Equation:

  7. The activity of a sample is initially 80. decays per minute. The decay rate drops to 5 decays per minute after 4 hours. What is the half-life? Given: Unknown: Equation:

  8. The activity of a sample is initially 15. decays per minute. The half-life is 30. minutes. When was the activity 60. decays per minute? Given: Unknown: Equation:

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