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KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. mitochondrion. animal cell. Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria.

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KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

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  1. KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

  2. mitochondrion animal cell Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. • Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. • Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria.

  3. The equation for the overall process is: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O • The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

  4. Glycolysis must take place before cellular respiration can begin. • anaerobic process (does not require oxygen) • takes place in cytoplasm • uses 2 ATP molecules to split glucose • glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate • produces 4 ATP molecules; therefore net ATP produced = 2 ATP • 2 molecules of NADH produced

  5. Before the Kreb’s Cycle can start the following has to take place: • Pyruvate is broken down before the Krebs cycle. • carbon dioxide is released • NADH is produced and moves on to the electron transport chain • coenzyme A (CoA) bonds to a two-carbon molecule and is used to start the Kreb’s Cycle

  6. The first MAIN stage of cellular respiration is the Kreb’s Cycle. The Kreb’s Cycle produces energy-carrying molecules (ATP, NADH, FADH2) • The Kreb’s Cycle is also known as • the Citric Acid Cycle, b/c citric acid • is made and then broken down. • Takes place in the mitochondrion matrix. • The following are produced from the • breakdown of 1 pyruvate molecule: • 3 molecules of CO2 • 1 molecule of ATP • 4 molecules of NADH (which is • sent to the electron transport chain) • 1 molecule of FADH2 (which is • sent to the electron transport chain. • Since 2 pyruvates are made during glycolysis, how many of each molecule is • produced? (6 CO2, 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2)

  7. The electron transport chain is the second main part of cellular respiration. • The electron transport chain produces up to 32 ATP in addition to water. • The electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 from the Kreb’s Cycle to make ATP. • NADH and FADH2 are stripped of electrons which converts them to NAD+ and FAD+. The electrons travel down the ETS and are used to make water and ATP. • ATP synthase converts ADP into ATP • Oxygen picks up electrons and H + to make H20 (water).

  8. Comparing Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Remember photosynthesis absorbs energy and cellular respiration releases it!

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