Explain how early political parties emerged.

1. Objectives • Explain how early political parties emerged. • Compare the political views of the Republicans and the Federalists. • Discuss the result of the election of 1796.

2. Focus: Friday, January 24Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8 Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing,and identifying relevant details. Review: Read first 3 paragraphs, pg. 290 Based on the exert of the third paragraph, what is the meaning of the word faction? A. politics B. military C. government D. group Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-C-(2-3) Quiz-take out a sheet of paper and both pens.

3. Objective-Unit Learning Goal Students will be able to analyze the emergence of political parties and the difference in views between Federalist and Republicans with 90% accuracy. EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal and external challenges of creating a new Nation?

4. Terms and People • faction – an organized political group • James Madison – supported Thomas Jefferson’s Republican views • Thomas Jefferson – Republican candidate for President in 1796 and the nation’s second Vice President • Alexander Hamilton – Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury; supported Federalist ideas

5. Terms and People (continued) • John Adams – Federalist candidate for President in 1796 and the nation’s second President

6. How did two political parties emerge? Early political groups were called factions. They were widely thought to be selfish groups. Washington and others feared that factions would be destructive to the new government.

7. By the 1790s, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were quarreling and growing apart. Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury

8. Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s differences led to the development of the first political parties. Republicans supported Thomas Jefferson and his ally, James Madison. Federalists supported Alexander Hamilton and his ideas.

9. The Republicans wanted to keep most power at the state or local level. States Federal government They feared that a strong central government would act like a monarchy.

10. The Federalists said that the United States needed a strong federal government. Federal government They believed the federal government would hold the country together and deal with its problems. States

11. The two parties also had geographic differences. Federalists were strong among Northern merchants. Republicans were supported largely by Southern farmers.

12. Federalists and Republicans disagreed about many issues.

13. In 1796, Washington said he would not seek a third term. There would be an election. Both political parties nominated a candidate. Republican Candidate Thomas Jefferson Federalist Candidate John Adams

14. In 1796, the President and Vice President were not elected together, as they are today. The candidate with the most votes became President. The second-place candidate became Vice President.

15. Adams finished first and Jefferson finished second. The nation gained a Federalist President and a Republican Vice President. #1 #2 John Adams Thomas Jefferson This led to serious tensions during the next four years.

16. Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect

17. Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect

18. Daily Agenda Read: 291-293-Thinking Map-Double Bubble Handout-Selectively highlight Cognitive Complexity: Investigation Identify the situation: Political Parties Emerge Identify what you know about Politics Offer a hypothetical scenario, based on what you know Find out if your hypothetical scenario is possible or reasonable – through your reading – then discuss/debate with your group Analyze the problem-What caused there to be political parties? The class will be divided into Federalist/Republicans With your group, find 5 factors that make your party the most promising for the nation. Class debate.

19. Daily Agenda-Continue Analyze the issues. . . What caused there to be political parties? The class will be divided into Federalist/Republicans With your group, find 5 factors that make your party the most promising for the nation. Class debate.

20. Let’s Discuss. . . Turn to your partner and discuss one thing about today’s objective and ULG you are sure about. Now discuss one thing you are not clear about or may need some extra help to understand. Where do you think you are in today's learning goal scales? Why?

21. Home Learning- Write: Based on your debate and political affiliation (federalist/republican) you will create a 1 page advertisement for your party (1-2 paragraphs) persuading the masses to join your party- Take a position-Argue your point! Be Persuasive! Use details from your reading to justify why your party is superior to that of your opponent. Be creative!! Due Tuesday.

22. Reflection Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson) To move up a level, what do you think you need to do? Are you clear about the lesson so far? Are you confused about anything? Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today? Write your reflection answering all questions/below your summary. Complete your student progress chart Have a nice day