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ADA: It’s the Law!

ADA Driveways and Ramps Sheila Lyons, PE David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE Rodger Gutierrez, EIT Roadway Conference 2010. ADA: It’s the Law!. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. United States Public Laws 101 st Congress – 2 nd Session Public Law 101-336 (S. 933); 101 Enacted S. 933

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ADA: It’s the Law!

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  1. ADA Driveways and RampsSheila Lyons, PEDavid Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRERodger Gutierrez, EITRoadway Conference2010

  2. ADA: It’s the Law!

  3. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 United States Public Laws 101st Congress – 2nd Session Public Law 101-336 (S. 933); 101 Enacted S. 933 101 P.L. 336; 104 Stat. 327; 1990 Enacted S 933; 101 Enacted S 933

  4. Where do you find the Standards? US ACCESS BOARD http://www.access-board.gov/

  5. Two sets of Regulations ADAAG – Americans with Disabilities Accessibility Guidelines http://www.access-board.gov/adaag/html/adaag.htm PROWAG – Public Rights of Way Accessibility Guidelines http://www.access-board.gov/prowac/index.htm

  6. FHWA has recognized PROWAG as “…currently recommended best practices and can be considered the state of the practice…”Memo – Jan 23, 2006

  7. 2009 MUTCD Has also adopted many PROWAG guidelines:

  8. Section 4E-08: Positioning of pedestrian pushbuttons and legends on pushbutton signs shall clearly indicate which crosswalk signal is activated by which pushbutton by:

  9. Be mindful of ADA reach ranges Salem OR

  10. ADA is Simple ☺ Sidewalks require 4’ x 4’ x 7’ clear passage

  11. Six Principles of Ramp Construction

  12. There should be NO LIP • at the end of the ramp

  13. 2 Max. Algebraic difference between the ramp slope and the street or gutter slope ≤ 11.

  14. 3 Traversable Path slopes in ONE DIRECTION at a time.

  15. Provide 4’ square level landing • at top of ramp.

  16. Provide Truncated Domes at • base of ramp (2’ x ramp width).

  17. 6 DON’T BLOCK the Pedestrian Access Route!

  18. Maximum Extent Feasible – defined • Advisory R202.3 Alterations. From the U.S. Department of Justice title III regulation at 28 CFR 36.402 Alterations: "The phrase ‘to the maximum extent feasible,’ … applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. In these circumstances,the alteration shall provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments)."

  19. Urban DrivewayDesign David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE Senior Standards Engineer

  20. Chapter 9 HDM • TYPE A – Non-curbed, ditch section highway with radius style approach. • TYPE B – Curbed highway section with “dust pan” style approach. • Type C – Curbed highway section with radius style approach.

  21. How can we make the level landing work?

  22. The length of the MASH test vehicle18’ – 8” to 20’ – 10”Half-ton, 2 wheel-drive, pickup truck with four full-sized doors

  23. 1966 Technical Bulletin No.19

  24. 2003 Highway Design Manual

  25. But the grades just will not fit, Dave.Now what do we do?

  26. 18’ approach – car12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulderk=5’, p=3.5’, sidewalk=6’

  27. 36’ approach – Single Unit Truck (SU)12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulderk=5’, p=7’, sidewalk=6’

  28. Sidewalk Ramp Questions • What information is needed in the plans to construct? • What information is needed in Inroads to construct? • When deviating from the standard drawing – what dimensions & information is needed on a detail to construct? • How to determine which ramp style to use, when to use two or more

  29. Information needed to construct? • Construct Ramp, Option K per Std Dwg RD 757 • Construct Parallel Sidewalk Ramp per Std Dwg RD 755

  30. Information needed to construct? • Determine the appropriate ramp design and confirm that it is constructible • Communicate the design to the contractor & inspector

  31. Information needed to construct? 4% 2% / 5% 25’ Curb Radius POP QUIZ • Will a parallel ramp fit?

  32. Information needed in Inroads? • CAD file has the info • Horizontal & Vertical Data • Slope of cross-street • Distance along curb alignment

  33. Information needed in Inroads? • CAD file has the info • Horizontal & Vertical Data • Slope of cross-street • Distance along curb alignment • Spot Elevations

  34. Which ramp style to use? • Constraints • Curb radius • Sidewalk width & setback • Property Line / ROW constraints • Crosswalk alignment & traffic signals • Preferences • Two ramps • 90-degrees

  35. Which Standard Dwg to use? • RD 755 = physical design of ramp

  36. Which Standard Dwg to use? • RD 756 = placement options for ramps < ~15’ radius or wide setback

  37. Which Standard Dwg to use? • RD 757 = placement options for ramps >~15’ radius or narrow setback

  38. ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 756 Option K – Diagonal Parallel Ramp • Maximum grade X • 8.33% for 15’ / 10% for 5’ / 12.5% for 2’ • Change in grade < 13% ? • The ramp slope in one direction ? • Lip must < ¼”, 0” preferred √ • 4' x 4' level landing √ • 4-foot level walking path √ • Truncated domes √

  39. ADA Criteria for Ramps 201.00 200.70 RD 756 Option A - Perpendicular Ramp w/ Landscaped Buffer Strip 200.00 4.11% • Maximum grade √ • Change in grade √ • Slope in one direction ? • Lip must < ¼” √ • 4' x 4' level landing √ • 4-foot level walking path √ • Truncated dome √ 200.51 200.63 8.23% 199.65 200.51 200.39

  40. ADA Criteria for Ramps 201.00 200.70 RD 756 Option B or C - Perpendicular Ramp for wide / narrow sidewalk 200.00 6.78% 200.25 200.37 5.17% 199.65 200.25 200.13

  41. ADA Criteria for Ramps 201.38 200.48 RD 756 Option D – Diagonal Ramp for wide sidewalks 200.23 4.7% 8.25% 200.97 200.29 201.05 2% 200.89 200.97 2% 6.9%

  42. ADA Criteria for Ramps 201.64 200.65 RD 756 Option E – Diagonal-Parallel Ramp 7.9% 200.49 200.37 200.25 8.25% 2% 200.37 201.03 200.37 2.5% 2% 200.17 199.96

  43. ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option G - Perpendicular Ramps for narrow sidewalks

  44. ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option H – Parallel Ramps for narrow sidewalks

  45. ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option I – Combination Ramps for Wide Sidewalks

  46. ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option J – Diagonal Ramp with Landscaped Buffer Strip

  47. Information needed on plansif referencing Standard Dwg • Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector • Standard Drawing # and letter • If necessary, add unique detail

  48. Information needed on plansif NOT referencing Std Dwg • Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector • Unique detail • Reference notes on standard drawing • Spot elevations / dimensions

  49. Which spot elevations are needed? • Gutter at throat of ramp • Top Face of Curb at top of wing • Top of ramp • Extents of Level Landing • Back of Walk

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