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The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base

The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base. Dr. P. S. Jackson Publishing Director Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. A Quick Historical Overview. 1450. 1665. 1907. 1939. 1967. 1974. 1977. 1992. 1995. 1997. Chemical Abstracts founded. WWW 1 st Web Browser.

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The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base

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  1. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base Dr. P. S. Jackson Publishing Director Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  2. A Quick Historical Overview 1450 1665 1907 1939 1967 1974 1977 1992 1995 1997 Chemical Abstracts founded. WWW 1st Web Browser World War II Embase Online Publication of 1st jnl. (Philosophical Transactions. Roy.Soc. of London Conclusion of TULIP program Computer readable CAS files 1st mass produced personal computer Gutenberg commercialisation Printing Press Launch of ScienceDirect Launch of ChemWeb.com Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  3. Massive increase in journal output • Output increasingly globalised • Researcher unable to cope with volume • Library budgets out of synch with purchase needs • “Just in time” versus “Just in case” • Online distribution of full text established • Increased integration of information types: - multidisciplinary - forwards and backwards in time - primary, secondary and tertiary - paid and free sources Generic Themes Since World War II Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  4. Main Players in Information Usage READERS AUTHORS . LIBRARIANS PUBLISHERS Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  5. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base • What’s changing forreaders • What’s changing for authors • What’s changing for librarians • What’s changing for publishers Since FTOL (full text went online) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  6. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base • What’s changing forreaders • What’s changing for authors • What’s changing for librarians • What’s changing for publishers Since FTOL (full text went online) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  7. Readers: Pre FTOL ReadersInf.ScientistSearch 2ºd.b. [Review] [Keywords Concepts] eg ChemAbs. Embase Return Hit List Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  8. Readers: Trip to Library Agreed Hit List Retrieve Hard Copy Document Delivery Services Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  9. Readers: Features: • ‘Hit list generation’ separate process from obtaining F.T. • Information specialist as intermediary • Expensive in time • Iterative process difficult • No real time processing possible Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  10. Post FTOL Reader (Scientist) Readers: Abstracting (navigation) layer 3000 jnls; 1.8 million records. 1000 full text journals. 900,000 full text records Science Direct™ Lists generated, inspected, reviewed and printed out in real time Result Documents 1, 2, 3 Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  11. Readers: • Features: • Navigation layer integrated with full text provision • (Many) iterations possible • Real time operations • Simple process-scientists can do it themselves Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  12. Readers: Post FTOL  Hypertext linking from one document to another ( and back) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  13. Readers: • Post FTOL • Reference linking to factual database Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  14. Readers: Post FTOL Increased archive available Archiving - ScienceDirect - ScienceDirect covers ES material 1996 onwards - Data from 50 top journals being loaded 1990-1995 - Long-term intention to build up back-archive further Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  15. Readers Result: • A static retrieval process becomes dynamic • Navigation backwards and forwards in time • View in context of much larger universe • (S.D. has 1000 journals, 900,000 F.T. articles) • Irresistible pressure to “horizontalise” Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  16. Increased “Horizontalisation” Means • Increased hyperlinks to other articles • Links to “rival” gateways • Increased integration of total information ‘universe’ • Blurring distinction between 1º, 2º and 3º • “The journal is the database” Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  17. Readers: Post FTOL From full-text delivery to service provider: ChemWeb.com provides access to F.T. STM documents in context of access to many information sources of relevance to chemists, including: news, patents, databases……….. Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  18. Readers: Post FTOL • Some ChemWeb.com statistics: 148 live journals; 35 databases; 28 different publishers, 160.000 registered members; 1.3 million page impressions per month. • All on one platform • All products searchable with one search statement • Some material free of charge Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  19. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base • What’s changing for readers • What’s changing for authors • What’s changing for librarians • What’s changing for publishers Since FTOL (full text went online) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  20. Authors: Pre FTOL • Much output paper based • Less standardisation • Speed less a premium Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  21. Authors: Post FTOL • Input electronic e.g. diskette or on-line such as TetSubmit (www.TetSubmit.com) All in an effort to get material on line with least delay Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  22. Authors: Post FTOL • More standardisation of W.P. programs • Authors expect faster response from Editors and Referees  Authors introduce links in text and references to other Web sites and services Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  23. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base • What’s changing for readers • What’s changing for authors • What’s changing for librarians • What’s changing for publishers Since FTOL (full text went online) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  24. Librarians: Pre FTOL • Purchase of journals primarily paper • Separate budget for, e.g. bibliographic databases • Journals on basis of physical availability • Journals conceptualised individually Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  25. Librarians: Post FTOL • Journals purchased as paper only, paper and online with a shift to online • Journals conceptualised as collection with several dimensions Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  26. Librarians PostFTOL Breadth of Collection Individual Discipline Multidisciplinary Journal Collection Collection e.g. e.g. e.g. Tetrahedron “Organic Biology, Letters Chemistry” Medicine Current Year Elec. Archive Time Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  27. Librarians: Post FTOL • Pricing shifts from single title to package concept • Integration of budget for primary, secondary and tertiary material Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  28. The Evolution from Journal Article to Knowledge Base • What’s changing for readers • What’s changing for authors • What’s changing for librarians • What’s changing forpublishers Since FTOL (full text went online) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  29. Publishers: Pre FTOL • Only concerned with printed journals • 2º database processing entirely separate (largely manual process) • Journals priced essentially as single objects • Much less integration of product line possible Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  30. Publishers: Post FTOL • Electronic proofs to Authors (pdf) e.g. Chemical Physics Letters  Bibliographic database processing increasingly in parallel, rather than serial  Online article submission and electronic refereeing systems. e. g. TETSUBMIT  Increased feedback to Authors as to progress of their article in the production process e. g. OASIS system Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  31. Publishers: Post FTOL • Mounting single article, or small groups of articles on the Web, prior to “issue” composition e.g. Electrochemistry Communications Tetrahedron Letters Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  32. Publishers: Post FTOL • Sell electronic access to multidisciplinary collections e.g. from ScienceDirect Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  33. Publishers: Post FTOL • Will facilitate early postings of draft-form, or early versions of articles on the Web by means of an open, pre-print database (articles posted prior to formal submission to a learned journal) Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  34. Publishers: Post FTOL ChemWeb.com Chemistry Preprint Server Features: • Freely available • Version control • Comments/reaction from peers • Easy integrated upload to journal of choice • Replace early version by URL link after article accepted Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

  35. Publishers: Post FTOL ChemWeb.com Chemistry Preprint Server • Available July, 2000 Chemical Information in the Next Millennium, A.C.S., San Francisco, U.S.A. March 27th, 2000

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