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Marine Oily Handling Devices and Pollution Prevention

Marine Oily Handling Devices and Pollution Prevention. Chapter 1 Lesson 6 Oil Fuel Transfer. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer.

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Marine Oily Handling Devices and Pollution Prevention

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  1. Marine Oily Handling Devices and Pollution Prevention Chapter 1 Lesson 6 Oil Fuel Transfer

  2. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer Oil fuel transfer arrangements provide for receiving stations at an upper deck level, port and starboard, furnished withvalves, elbows, pressure gauges, filters and relief valves.

  3. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • From these receiving stations, the oil flows to double-bottom, peak or deep bunker tanks and can be transferred from forward to aft and from port to starboard (and vice versa) and from settling to service tanks via filters, separators and clarifiers, thence to boilers or engines.

  4. S SELF CLOSING COCK DECK CONTROLLED VALVE SETTLING TANK D.OIL SERVICE TANK D.OIL SETTLING TANK H.OIL SERVICE TANK H.OIL SERVICE TANK H.OIL BOILER TANK ALARM A PURIFIER P. S T T S S T S T S T T S CLARIFIER C. S.D.N.R. VALVE TO BOILER SCREW LIFT VALVE A DUPLEX FILTER D.O. HEATER HEATER A HEATER HEATER DIESEL OIL C.O. CHEST HEAVY OIL H.O. D.O H.O P. D.O H.O P. H.O .P. H.O C H.O ..P. H.O C. THERMOMETER POCKET T. TO OVERFLOW TANK TRANSFER PUMPS D.O H.O DUPLEX FILTERS DUPLEX STRAINERS HEATER TO GENERATOR DRAIN TANK OILY BILGE OVERBOARD TO MAINENGINE

  5. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • The flash point (closed test) should be above 65℃; DO should not be heated to more than 51℃ for settling or purification; if necessary, this may be increased to a figure 20℃ beneath its known flash point. • Settling tanks must have thermometers and the sounding arrangements must be proof against accidental egress of oil.

  6. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • Drain cocks must be self-closing and the outlet valves should be capable of being closed from safe positions outside the engine room. • In passenger ships, this applies also to suction and leveling valves on deep tanks. S SELF CLOSING COCK DECK CONTROLLED VALVE SERVICE TANK H.OIL S T Drain valve To engine

  7. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • Overflow pipes and relief valves not in closed circuit must discharge to an overflow tank having an alarm device, the discharge being visible. • Tank air pipes must have 25% more area than their filling pipes and should have their outlets situated clear of fire risks. • They should also be fitted with detachable wire gauze diaphragms. • Provision should be made for stopping oil fuel pumps from outside the machinery spaces.

  8. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • From the filling stations, pipes descend to the oil fuel mains. • These will probably be two pipes, one for heavy oil and one for diesel fuel. • They extend forward and aft in the engine and boiler rooms, possibly extending along the shaft tunnel, and in some ships, a forward pipe tunnel.

  9. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • These connect to the fuel transfer pumps and to distribution valve chests, from which pipes run to the fuel tanks. • Water ballast is also sometimes carried in these tanks and the chests are arranged so that they cannot be connected to oil and ballast mains at the same time (old tanker). • Midship tanks have center and wing suctions; the forward and aft peak, and keep tanks have center suction only.

  10. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • Transfer pumps draw from the oil mains, from overflow and drain tanks and from the oily bilges - parts of the engine and boiler room bilges separated from the remainder by coamings - to which oil spillage is led. • The pumps discharge to settling tanks, the oily water separator and the oil mains.

  11. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • In passenger ships, it must be possible to transfer oil from any tank to any other tank without use of the ballast main, so that two oil mains are required. • In cargo ships, the ballast pump may act as standby transfer pump, in which case they must be interconnected; alternatively, a diesel oil transfer pump may be the standby. • Detail and arrangement will vary with the size, type and trade of the ship.

  12. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • In steamers, the fuel is heated in the settling tanks by steam coils, to assist water separation, and is then taken to the burners through heaters and filters by the oil fuel pressure pumps. • In motorships, after settling in a similar manner the heavy fuelpasses through heaters to two separators in series, the first removing the water and most of the solids in suspension; the second, called a clarifier, removes the finer solids remaining.

  13. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • The separators, usually having their own pumps, deliver the clean oil to one of two service tanks in turn, from which the oil passes to the engine service pumps and so to the injection pumps, through further heaters. • Diesel fuel is treated similarly but more simply, with a single stage of separation and no heating. • Sludge from separators passes to a tank, from which it is removed by a pump capable of handling high-viscosity matter. HEATER H.O ..P.

  14. 1.6 Oil fuel transfer • It may be mentioned here, because it is not always understood, that fuel is heated for combustion, not to raise its temperature but to bring it to a viscosity acceptable to the injectors or burners.

  15. The fuel system Fuel pumps Engine mu

  16. Fuel pumps Engine Types of fuels Diesel engines consume Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), Marine Diesel oil (MDO) or Intermediate Fuel Oil (IFO). S

  17. Types of fuels HFO HFO is a residual oil that is made suitable for driving Diesel engines by adding certain flammable substances. MDO is a high-grade fuel of low viscosity that is used when the vessel is manoeuvring. MDO Modern Diesel engines are run on IFO, a fuel whose grade lies between that of HFO and MDO. IFO

  18. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the Heavy Fuel Oil bunkertank the preheated fuel is led to the settling tank. Settling tank

  19. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO In the settling tank water and impurities are separated from the fuel and drained off. Settling tank Drain-valve s

  20. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the settling tank the fuel is led through a heater to preheat the fuel.

  21. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the heater the fuel is led through a separator (purifier / clarifier) to purify the fuel.

  22. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the separator the fuel enters the daily service tank for HFO. sound

  23. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO There are two daily service tanks, so that one tank may be used while the other is being filled. Daily service tank Daily service tank sound

  24. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the daily service tank the fuel is pumped to a heater by the low pressure fuel pump (or “booster pump”). s

  25. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the heater the HFO is passed through a viscosity regulator .

  26. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the viscosity regulator the fuel is passed through a fuel strainer , which filters the fuel.

  27. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine HFO From the fuel strainer the oil is led to the fuel pumps in the engine. sound

  28. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine MDO Diesel oil is used for manoeuvring and is stored in the MDO bunkertank.

  29. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine MDO After the DO has been pumped up from the bunkertank, the fuel passes through a purifier .

  30. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine MDO From the purifier the DO enters the DO storage tank. s

  31. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine MDO From the DO service tank the fuel is led to the high-pressure fuel pumps in the engine. s

  32. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine A mixing tank is used for a gradual transition from HFO to DO. sound Mixing tank

  33. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine The mixing tank, or “buffer tank”, can hold a quantity of fuel which will be circulated and led to the engine. Buffer tank (Circulating tank) sound

  34. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine The hot fuel fumes can escape through the air vent in the mixing tank. s Air vent

  35. Test 2: Indicate whether the assertion is or Indicate in the textbox or in the IMLP-coursebook why you think the assertion is wrong. The fuel system

  36. Types of fuels HFO is a residual oil that is made suitable for driving Diesel engines by removing certain flammable substances. HFO …..because: MDO is a low-grade fuel of high viscosity that is used when the vessel is manoeuvring. MDO …..because: Modern Diesel engines are run on IFO, a fuel whose grade lies between that of HFO and MDO. IFO 1 right or wrong

  37. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine From the Heavy Fuel Oil bunkertank the fuel is led to the settling tank. Settling tank 2 right or wrong

  38. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: In the settling tank the fuel is drained off after it has been separated from water and impurities. Settling tank 3 right or wrong

  39. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: From the settling tank the fuel is first led through a purifier and then through a separator. Settling tank 4 right or wrong

  40. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine From the separator the fuel enters the daily service tank. Settling tank 5 right or wrong

  41. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: There are two daily service tanks: one to preheat the fuel, the other to purify the fuel. Settling tank 6 right or wrong

  42. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine From the daily service tank the fuel is pumped to a heater by the booster pump. Settling tank 7 right or wrong

  43. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: From the heater the HFO is passed through a separator . Settling tank 8 right or wrong

  44. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: A fuel strainer preheats and filters the fuel. Settling tank 9 right or wrong

  45. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: From the fuel strainer the oil is led to the low pressure fuel pumps in the engine. Settling tank 10 right or wrong

  46. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: Diesel oil is used for manoeuvring and is stored in three daily service tanks. Settling tank 11 right or wrong

  47. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine After the DO has been pumped up from the bunkertank, it is passed through a purifier. Settling tank 12 right or wrong

  48. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: From the purifier the DO enters the settling tank. Settling tank 13 right or wrong

  49. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: From the DO service tank the fuel is led through a separator, heater, viscosity controller and strainer to the fuel pumps in the engine. Settling tank 14 right or wrong

  50. HFO HFO MDO Fuel pumps Engine …..because: A mixing tank is used to drain off water and impurities from the fuel. Settling tank Mixing tank right or wrong 15

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