Existing know-how, available technologies on energy efficiency for the hospitality sector

1. E-HotCat Conference – 28th and 29th May 2009 Existing know-how, available technologies on energy efficiency for the hospitality sector Pramod Kembhavi, Managing Director Anama Enertech Solutions Pvt Ltd 09850611332

2. HOSPITALITY SECTOR….ENERGY NEEDS • ELECTRICAL ENERGY FOR • REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM(CHILLERS,PUMPS,COOLING TOWER,AHU .FCU ETC.) • LIGHTING (GUEST ROOMS,PUBLIC AREAS,SERVICE AREAS,GARDEN,STREET ETC.) • KITCHEN HEATING APPLIANCES • LAUNDRY MACHINES • PUMPING SYSTEM FOR HOT WATER AND COLD WATER • ROOM HEATERS • CHILLED WATER AND COOLING WATER PUMPS • COOLING TOWER FANS • BLOWERS FOR EXHAUST , VENTILATION,AHU • COMPRESSED AIR • THERMAL ENERGY (FUEL) FOR • HOT WATER GENERATOS • STEAM GENERATORS FOR LAUNDRY,HOT WATER • KITCHEN APPLIANCES(LPG ETC.) • DG SETS

3. HOSPITALITY SECTOR …ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN Electricity more expensive for heating applications

4. SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR HOTELS Table 1: The above figures are obtained on the basis of energy audits conducted by Anama Enertech Solutions Pvt Ltd. The internationally accepted figures for electrical usage in hotels are in the range of 60-70 kWh/occupied room/day. The thermal usage varies widely depending on the thermal energy requirement.

5. FACTORS AFFACTING SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION • GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION • SIZE OF THE HOTEL • TYPE OF FACILITY • AMBIENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS • CUSTOMER PROFILE • SERVICES PROVIDED • FIXED LOSSES ARE SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH , HENCE SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION NORMS VARY WIDELY

6. ENERGY CONSUMPTION & LOAD PROFILE OF HOTELS

7. ELECTRICAL LOAD DISTRIBUTION FOR HOTELS

8. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION • CHILLER PERFORMANCE • Optimize set point • Desuperheater • Clean Condenser/Evaporator • Water cooled instead of air cooled condensers. • VFD for compressors • Possibility of VAM with waste heat • Centralised VS Decentralised system. • PUMP PERFORMANCE • MOTOR LOADING • Variable speed drive • Star Delta converter • Optimization of down stream piping • Eliminating hot well/cold well system. • FANS / BLOWERS …. • VFD/IMPELLER TRIMMING

9. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION • COOLING TOWER PERFORMANCE • Fan speed automation • Fan less cooling towers • FRP blades instead of aluminum blades. • AIR CONDITIONING LOAD OPTIMIZATION • Automation • Insulation • Avoid duct leakages • Optimize operational practices • Heat wheels for outgoing & incoming • AIR HANDLING UNIT PERFORMANCE • Automation • Filter cleaning • Avoid leakages • VFD for fans • FAN COIL UNITS Automation

10. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • MAXIMUM DEMAND CONTROL • Switch off non essential loads at peak hours • Storage of chilling effect • DG operation for avoiding peaks • ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS • POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT (APFC) • HARMONICS/VOLTAGE IMBALANCE • TRANSFORMER EFFICIENCY • LIGHTING • ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING • CFLs to replace incandescent lamps wherever possible • Occupancy sensors • Optimization for backroom area & meeting rooms. • Out door lighting….HIF(High intensity Fluorescent) instead of MHL • Voltage stabilizer

11. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS THERMAL SYSTEMS • STEAM / HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION • INSULATION • LEAKAGES • LINE SIZING • OPERATING PARAMETERS • STEAM QUALITY • APPROPRIATE TRAPPING SYSTEM • PRS • BOILER / HOT WATER GENERATOR • OPTIMIZE EXCESS AIR LEVELS • BURNER MAINTENANCE • FUEL SUBSTITUTION • WATER TREATMENT • FLUE GAS HEAT RECOVERY • CONDENSATE & FLASH STEAM RECOVERY • FUEL HANDLING AND TREATMENT

12. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS COMMON AVENUES FOR OPTIMIZATION WITH TYPICAL SAVING POTENTIAL

13. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS COMMON AVENUES FOR OPTIMIZATION WITH TYPICAL SAVING POTENTIAL

14. General recommendations • FOOD PREPARATION – KITCHEN • Reduce peak loading by:- • (a) Intensive cooking such as baking and roasting during non-peak demand hours. • (b) Use minimum number of electric appliances at a time. Stager their operation. • (c) Try to use electrical appliances between 6 AM to 10 AM or after mid night if possible. • Turn off lights in the walk – in refrigerators and freezers when not required. • Lights not only waste energy but add load to the box. • BANQUETS • When setting up for a function, make certain that heating, cooling and lighting are off until ½ hour to 1 • hour before function starts. Turn off systems as soon as the function is over. In fact, air conditioning • can be turned off even ½ hours before function finishes. Air conditioning effect will stay for ½ hour. • Assign an individual responsible for turning lights on and off. • Keep the light off whenever any function area is vacant or unoccupied. Important recommendations regarding operating practices • ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT • Eliminate or reduce duct air leakage. • Repair or replace damaged hot or chilled water line insulation. • Clean AHU coils and fans periodically, check chilled water sample to know the internal condition of coil. Do periodic cleaning of coil. • AHU filter must be cleaned periodically. • Clean Boiler burner nozzle periodically • Pre-heat the fuel to correct temperature before injection. • Insulate all condensate and steam pipe line flanges. • LAUNDARY DEPARTMENT • All steam line valves should be checked for • leaks. That is, you should be able to shut off • steam to any machine not in use keeping • steam supply main open. • Ensure all steam traps in perfect working order. • Reschedule machine operation to reduce peak • demand charges.

15. General recommendations • Lighting • Door opening based lighting in cold rooms • Occupancy sensor based lighting in less used areas • Stop excess lighting by increasing awareness Important measures for maintaining energy efficiency • AC system • Maintain optimum set temperatures for rooms and chiller evaporator • Avoid frequent door openings of AC rooms • KITCHEN APPLIANCES • Replace electrical heating appliances by direct fuel (LPG) wherever possible • Biogas from kitchen waste • General • Use energy efficient motors for replacement or new installations • Increase energy awareness among kitchen staff • Consider energy efficient laundry equipment

16. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS • FUTURE TRENDS & TECHNOLOGY • SOLAR ENERGY FOR HOTWATER / STEAM • ADAPTIVE & FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLS FOR HVAC • ECPM (ELECTRONICALLY COMUTED PERMANENT MAGNET )MOTORS • ENERGY RECOVERY HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR VENTILATION • THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE (STORAGE OF COOLING EFFECT) • SMALLER CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS FOR CHILLERS • VARIABLE REFRIGERENT VOLUME CHILLERS

17. SOLAR ENERGY FOR HOT WATER / STEAM & AIR CONDITIONING Schematic diagram of space cooling system using solar energy Solar concentrator dish for steam generation

18. Variable Refrigerant Flow(VRF) • VRF air conditioning system modulates the flow of refrigerant depending upon the capacity requirement of the building. • VRF is multi and direct expansion type air conditioning system that one outdoor unit can be connected with multiples of indoor units. • The amount of refrigerant can be changed as per load in the indoor unit. For this inverter compressor is used in the outdoor unit. • Energy efficiency of VRF is higher in partial load as compared to any other fixed speed system, non inverter system. • Energy conservation is easily handled because individual indoor unit can stop and start its operation as needed.

19. Variable Refrigerant Flow(VRF)

20. ENERGY RECOVERY HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR VENTILATION Schematic representation of enthalpy heat exchangers

21. STORAGE OF CHILLING EFFECT TO UTILISE TOD / DG COST SAVING Low temp Thermal Storage in the form of phase change material or chilled water Hotel Rooms / Conference Halls Chiller Unit • In low tariff time chiller will cater to AC load and store chilling effect • In high tariff time / DG operation Stored chilling effect will be used

22. AVENUES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS • BARRIERS FACED FOR ADAPTING THESE TECHNOLOGIES • LACK OF AWARENESS • ABSENCE OF CORPORATE ENERGY POLICY • TOP MANAGEMENT INVOLVEMENT • COMPETING CORPORATE PRIORITIES • BUDGET PRIORITY • QUALITY & RELIABILITY OF THE SYSTEMS/EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE • AFTER SALES SERVICE • INSUFFICIENT SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE AVAILABLE

23. Contact Details Anama Enertech Solutions Pvt. Ltd, 405 Decision Towers, Pune Satara Road, Pune – 37 Tele fax: 020 24229120/21/22 , 020- 40084941 URL: www.anamaenertech.com Email: info@anamaenertech.com

24. Thank You