البرنامج: ماجستير الدراسات العليا في إدارة التقانة MTM رمز البرنامج: S17 الفصل:

1. البرنامج: ماجستير الدراسات العليا في إدارة التقانة MTM رمز البرنامج: S17الفصل: اسم المقرر: إدارة التقانات العالية والبازغة وتحدياتها HRTM رمز المقرر: C1الصف: د. عماد شلفون: اسم المنسق د. عماد شلفونالمدرس: رقم الجلسة: 5 موضوع الجلسة: قطاع تقانة السياحة + قطاع الصناعات الثقافية 7/11/2017تاريخ الجلسة:

2. إدارة التقانات العالية البازغة وتحدياتها High & Rising Technologies Management د. عماد شلفون t_ichalfoun@svuonline.org Lecture 5 Deckblatt Focus on fine solutions

3. Technologies in Tourism sector

4. Tourists are people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited. (UNWTO, 1995) Definition of a Tourist

5. International Tourism: Travelers Visitors (included in statistics) Other Travelers Two types of Visitors: Tourist (Overnight Visitor) Same-day Visitor Definition Ottawa Conference (1991)

6. A tourist is a temporary leisured person who voluntarily visits a place away from home for the purpose of experiencing a change Time: Temporary Choice: Voluntarily Destination: Place away from Home Motivation: Experience A more easy definition:

7. Maslow’s needs and motivations Maslow states that there is a hierarchy in human needs. When a lower need is fulfilled, than a person is motivated to pursue a higher need. From low to high he distinguishes the following needs: • Physiological: Food, Drink … • Safety: Security (Health) • Belonging: Love (Togetherness, Roots) • Esteem: Status (Recognition) • Self-Actualization: Be yourself (Self-discovery) • Enhancement 1: To Know and Understand: Knowledge (Culture) • Enhancement 2: Aesthetics: Beauty (Scenery) Tourism is almost perceived as an enhancement, It needs to be perfect

8. Technologies in Tourism sector Tourism sectors, some general information There were 935 million tourists in the world in 2010 (913 in 2008) Asia 204 million in 2010 Africa 49 million in 2010 Middle East 60 million in 2010 (+14% vs 2009) Europe 471 million in 2010 (+3% vs 2009) Americas 151 million (+8% vs 2009) In 2011, the nb of tourists increased to 980 millions (503 millions in Europe) In 2009, the tourism industry generates 852 USD $ billion

9. Technologies in Tourism sector Tourism sectors, some general information. Top 10 destinations in millions France USA China Spain Italy UK Turkey Germany Malaysia Mexico

10. Technologies in Tourism sector Tourism sectors, some general information. Top 10 revenues in Billions US$ USA Spain France China Italy Germany UK Australia Hong Kong Turkey

11. Technologies in Tourism sector Tourism sectors, some general information Tourism sector is very dynamic and a major source of jobs (more than 70 million jobs worldwide) Most of companies working in tourism are SMEs or personal affairs Tourism is a major motor of investment in infrastructure Tourism is characterized by the use of low qualified people but it uses a lot of technologies Tourism is a tool of Revitalization of poor or non-industrialized regions

12. Technologies in Tourism sector Technologies trend in tourism sector • High technologies to maintain the quality of the environment which is an attractive factor for tourists • High technologies to develop the tourism activity and to facilitate the tourism • Web technologies and Internet • Revival of cultural heritage (RCH) • Customer reservation systems (CRS) • Global distribution system (GDS) • Geographic information system (GIS) • Mobile and communication systems • E-learning • Human language technologies (HLT) • Global positioning system (GPS) • Automated Kiosks

13. Technologies in Tourism sector Future impact of Tourism technologies on Syrian economy Internet V. High Mobile GPS High E-learning CRS Environment Impact on Syrian Tourism RCH Medium HLT GDS Limited Automated kiosks V limited V Low Low Medium High V High Level of acceptance of the Syrian Economy

14. Technologies in Tourism sector Mobile technology for tourism Holidaymakers are increasingly looking to take advantage of their smartphone’s Internet capabilities to help them gather holiday information, find reviews and even book tickets while travelling. The total number of mobile Internet users are expected to reach 134 million by 2013 as a result of the increasing rise in smartphone popularity. Thanks to smartphones the tourism business’ exposure can dramatically increase: • Website is available to be viewed from any smartphone • Guests can leave comments on Facebook Page via their Facebook smartphone or iPhone app. • Anyone can read TripAdvisor listing and post a review • Smartphones even work as a GPS and let travellers find company location.

15. Technologies in Tourism sector New business will be developed to adapt the websites for smartphones

16. Technologies in Tourism sector Applications (apps) are the driving force behind increasing the capability of traveller’s iPhones and other smartphones. Apps are small programs available free or for a few dollars. iPhone apps are by far more popular than other smartphones’ apps. Skype, Facebook, TripAdvisor and the major banks are just a few of the hundreds of apps available.

17. Technologies in culture sector

18. Technologies in culture sector The culture industry is all commercial activities related to the culture. It includes all activities to produce, distribute and sell the culture related products

19. Technologies in culture sector • The culture industry is an important economic sector which offers • High number of job offers with almost low qualification • Can offer jobs in isolated areas (like hand arts) • Syria which has a great history and culture traditions suffers from the absence of means to produce and distribute cultural products • It is clear that the ICT technologies (Internet) will offer the possibility of spread the Syrian culture outside and create new jobs related to these activities • Syria has many handicaps in the culture industry area: • Low number of qualified people in this area • The high urbanization which killed many traditional artisanal activities • Low investment in knowledge management related to culture traditions • Absence of research and development in this area • Misunderstanding of the market needs

20. Technologies in culture sector Future impact of technologies on culture sector in Syria Internet Mobile V. High HLT E-commerce ICT High Environment tech Impact on Syrian culture industry Supply Chain Medium Limited V limited V Low Low Medium High V High Level of acceptance of the Syrian Industry sector

21. Technologies in culture sector • Strong points of Syrian culture sector • - Good contribution to man power • Low tech sector • Extensive user of manpower • Syria has a rich cultural history and traditions • Syria Has good basis to establish cultural industry • There is very few legal constraints to produce and sell cultural services • Starting business in cultural area does not require high investment

22. Technologies in culture sector • Weak points of Syrian culture sector • Lack of qualified people in this sector • Low number of training and teaching capacities adapted to this sector • Urbanization reduces the transmission of skills • Lack of knowledge management in this sector • Lack of intellectual properties protection • Almost absence of qualified people in high techs related to this area