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Open Archives Initiative Primer

This primer explores the challenges and opportunities in building a collaborative Open Archives Initiative, focusing on the collection and use of metadata in free online scholarship. It discusses the need for federation and interoperability, and provides examples of successful implementations and specific use cases.

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Open Archives Initiative Primer

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  1. Open Archives Initiative Primer Thomas Krichel Palmer School of Library and Information Science Long Island University With apologies to Carl Lagoze DC2001 – Tokyo, October 25, 2001

  2. Where I come from... • Trained economist • Early (1991) visionary of free online scholarship • Creator of NetEc in 1993 • Principal founder of RePEc in 1997 • Largest distributed academic DL in the world • Collection that is open for • Contribution • Usage • Grown to over 100 archives, over 10 partly interoperable user services

  3. Metadata collection process • Free online scholarship requires academic self-documentation • Metadata is expensive to collect • Building free metadata collection is difficult • no established business model • no established funding channels • Only a collaborative effort will be succeed.

  4. The example of eprint servers • attractive building block for the transformation of scholarly communication • but isolated efforts do not make for a scholarly communication system • need to federate archive • need to interoperate with other scholarly communication components

  5. e-print e-print e-print e-print e-print Example: e-print accessibility

  6. e-print e-print e-print e-print e-print Example: e-print accessibility

  7. e-print e-print e-print e-print metadata harvesting metadata e-print

  8. e-print e-print e-print e-print Author Title Abstract Identifer metadata harvesting metadata e-print

  9. other examples • within the area of scholarly commuication • already implemented in RePEc • Sharing of log data between service providers • Provision non-document data for document data provider • personal data • institutional data

  10. Reply • XML Schema • Self contained core concepts in OAI 1.1 • low-barrier interoperability • data-provider / service-provider model • metadata harvesting model OAI 1.1 protocol HTTP based • shared metadata format Dublin Core • parallel metadata formats Community specific

  11. supportdata repos i tory harves ter oai protocol items harvesting data harvester / repository

  12. repos i tory harves ter OAI protocol requests service provider data provider • Supporting protocol requests: • Identify • ListMetadataFormats • ListSets • Harvesting protocol requests: • ListRecords • ListIdentifiers • GetRecord

  13. HTTP encoding - requests BASE-URL -----------> an.oa.org/OAI-scriptkeyword arguments --> verb=ListIdentifers&set=S1 GET http://an.oa.org/OAI-script?verb=ListIdentifers&set=S1 POST POST http://an.oa.org/OAI-script HTTP/1.0 Content-Length: 78 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded verb=ListIdentifers&set=S1

  14. xml namespaces responseheader responsedata HTTP encoding - responses <xml version=1.0 encoding=“UTF-8” ?><GetRecord xmlns=“http://oai.namespace.uri” xmlns:xsi=“http://w3.namespace.uri” xsi:schemaLocation=“http://oai.namespace.uri http://oai.schemaURL”> <responseDate>2000-19-01T19:30:30-04:00</responseDate> <requestURL>http://an.oa.org/OAI-script?verb=GetRecord &amp;identifier=oai%3AarXiv%3A0001 &amp;metadataPrefix=oai_dc</requestURL> <record>record contents </record>additional records</GetRecord>

  15. protocol support format-specificmetadata community-specificrecord data record <record> <header> <identifier>oai:eg:001</identifier> <datestamp>1999-01-01</datestamp> </header> <metadata> <dc xmlns=“http://purl.org/dc”> <title>My Example</title> </dc> </metadata> <about> <ea xmlns=“http://www.arXiv.org/ea” <usage>No restrictions</usage> </ea> </about></record>

  16. harvest withindate range repos i tory record record selective harvesting - datestamps

  17. S1 harvest within set repos i tory record record record selective harvesting - sets S2

  18. Communication re OAI • lists: subscribe via http://www.openarchives.org • oai-general list • oai-implementers list • web: http://www.openarchives.org • FAQ: http://www.openarchives.org/faq.htm • mail: openarchives@openarchives.org

  19. revision of specifications • Currently frozen specifications for 12 -18 months: • stable for experimentation; not definitive • minimize risk for early adopters • maximize chances for future interoperability across communities The technical committee are working on the “definitive” specifications

  20. The technical committee - Herbert Van de Sompel (British Library) - Carl Lagoze (Cornell U) - Thomas Krichel (Long Island U & RePEc) - Jeff Young (OCLC) - Tim Cole (U of Illinois at Urbana Champaign) - Hussein Suleman (Virginia Tech) - Simeon Warner (LANL & arXiv) - Michael Nelson (NASA & NACA) - Caroline Arms (Library of Congress) - Muhammad Zubair (Old Dominion U & ARC) - Steven Bird (U Penn & Open Language Archive Community) - Robert Tansley (MIT & DSpace) - Andy Powell UK (UKOLN) - Mogens Sandfaer Denmark (DTV) - Thomas Severiens Germany - Thomas Baron Switserland (CERN) - Les Carr UK (U of Southampton) - Thomas Place Netherlands (Tilburg U)

  21. Current activities Currently they are working on a list of technical issues related to the protocol A new specification is supposed to be drafted 2002-02 Alpha testing will start 2002-04 The new specification will be released shortly after that.

  22. Thank you for your attention! Thomas Krichel Palmer School of Library and Information Science 720 Northern Boulevard Brookville NY 11548-1300 USA http://openlib.org/home/krichel

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