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The Rise & fall of the Roman empire

Chapter 2. The Rise & fall of the Roman empire. Romulus and Remus. Mythical version: *Romulus and Remus – twin sons of the god Mars and a Latin princess *Abandoned and cared for by she-wolf *Romulus kills Remus; becomes 1 st king of Rome Historical version:

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The Rise & fall of the Roman empire

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  1. Chapter 2 The Rise & fall of the Roman empire

  2. Romulus and Remus

  3. Mythical version: *Romulus and Remus – twin sons of the god Mars and a Latin princess *Abandoned and cared for by she-wolf *Romulus kills Remus; becomes 1st king of Rome Historical version: *Latins settled on Palatine around 1200 B.C. *Etruscans rule Rome (Latins) from 800-500 B.C. *Romans overthrow Etruscan leaders and set up a Republic in 509 B.C. Rome’s Beginnings:Romulus and Remus

  4. The Punic Wars

  5. Romans conquered & controlled all of Italy by 275 B.C. City-state Carthage ruled much of North Africa, Spain, & Sicily Roman conflict with Carthage started the Punic Wars Romans fought Carthaginians for control of Mediterranean Sea Hannibal defeated in 2nd Punic War; Carthage lost all its territories to Romans By 146 B.C., Rome was the leading power of the Mediterranean Sea Expansion of the roman republic

  6. The Assassination of Julius Caesar

  7. Rome’s conquests cause changes in economy & govt *gap grows between rich & poor *large estates replaced small farms *cities become crowded • Julius Caesar built up army & took power *conquered Britain, Libya, Egypt, Syria & Asia Minor *Caesar assassinated by those who opposed his dictatorship Final Years of the Roman Republic:Julius Caesar

  8. Cleopatra’s Death

  9. After Caesar’s death, civil war breaks out between Mark Antony and Octavian Octavian wins naval battle at Actium 31 B.C. Octavian becomes absolute ruler of Rome = given the title “Augustus” (honored) Augustus ends expansion of the Empire at its defensible boundaries “PaxRomana” = a time of peace & unity for the Empire The Roman Empire: Cleopatra’s death

  10. Gladitorial Games

  11. Five Good Emperors rule Rome between A.D. 96 – 186 Trajan, last great conqueror, establishes 4 new provinces Empire reaches greatest height under Trajan in A.D. 117 After A.D. 186, civil war breaks out in the Empire and emperors lose control Rome’s size difficult to manage; Diocletian divides it in two Constantine emerges as leader in A.D. 312 – moves capital to Constantinople & legalizes Christianity The Roman Empire: Gladitorial Games

  12. Barbarians attack the empire from many sides Internally, gladitorial games are a sign of Rome’s decline The Roman Empire: Gladitorial Games

  13. In the mythical version of the founding of Rome, who was the first king of Rome? In the historical version of the founding of Rome, what group settled on the Palatine in 1200 B.C.? What is the conflict between the Romans and the Carthaginians called? What famous Carthaginian general was defeated in the 2nd Punic War? The Quiz

  14. 5. Name two places Rome conquered in the Punic Wars. 6. Name two places conquered by Julius Caesar. 7. How did Julius Caesar’s reign come to an end? 8. Who was victorious at Actium in 31 B.C.? 9. What title was Octavian given when he became the absolute ruler of Rome? 10. What does“PaxRomana” mean? The Quiz

  15. 11. When did the Roman Empire reach its greatest size? 12. Which emperor is considered the last great conqueror? 13. Who divided the empire to make it more manageable? 14. Which emperor legalized Christianity? 15. Give one possible reason for the collapse of the Roman Empire. The Quiz

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