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The Heart

The Heart. By: Emma, Miki, Álvaro & María. 1. What is the heart?. The human heart is a muscular organ that provides a continuous blood circulation through the cardiac cycle and is one of the most vital organs in the human body. 3. The structure of the heart.

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The Heart

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  1. The Heart By: Emma, Miki, Álvaro & María

  2. 1.What is the heart? • The human heart is a muscular organ that provides a continuous bloodcirculationthrough the cardiac cycle and is one of the most vital organs in the human body.

  3. 3. The structure of the heart. • It is enclosed in a double-walled sac called the pericardium. The outer wall of the human heart is composed of three layers. The outer layeris called the epicarduim. Themiddle layer is called themyocardiumand is composed of muscle which contracts. The inner layeris called theendocardium and is in contact with the blood that the heart pumps. • It has four cavities, two superior atria and two inferior ventricles. The atria are the receiving cavities and the ventricles are the discharging cavities.

  4. 3.Functioning • Blood without oxygenflows through the heart in one direction, entering through thesuperior vena cavainto the right atrium and is pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle before being pumped out through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary arteries into the lungs. It returns from thelungsthrough thepulmonary veins to theleft atriumwhere it is pumped through themitral valveinto theleft ventricle before leaving through the aortic valve to the aorta.

  5. Functioning 2 • The function of the right side of the heart is to collect blood without oxygen, in the right atrium, from the body, and pump it, by the right ventricle, to the lungs. • The left side of the heart is in charge of collecting blood with oxygen from the lungs into the left atrium. From the left atrium the blood moves to the left ventricle which pumps it out to the body throughthe aorta.

  6. 4. Picture of the heart.

  7. 5. Some facts. • The human heart has a mass of between 250 and 350 grams and is about the size of a fist. It is located between the vertebal column and the sternum. • The adult heart pumps 9120 liters of blood each day. • Blood is about 78% water. • Blood takes about 20 seconds to circulate throughout the entire vascular system. • Most heart attacks accur between the hours of 8 and 9 of the morning. • The human heart can create enough pressure that it could squirt blood at a distance of ten metres.

  8. 6. Why blood is red? • Red blood cells, encased in blood vessels, color the blood. Since there are about 35 trillion of these tiny, round, flat discs circulating in one's body at any one time, their sheer number necessarily lends their red color to the blood. • Red blood cells have a life expectancy of approximately four months, before they are broken up, primarily in the spleen, and are replaced by new red blood cells. New cells are continuously generated to replace the old cells that have past their prime, and have been destroyed to make room for the younger generation.

  9. 7. Bibliography • www.wikipedia.com – The Heart - Structure. - Functioning. • www.interestingfacts.com • www.coolquiz.com • www.youtube.com – The Circulatory Song.

  10. THE END 

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