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Crime in Australia

Crime in Australia. Victims. Has anyone been a victim of crime or know of someone that has been a victim of crime? Examples: property theft, credit card fraud, assault What was the cost of that crime to the victim (financial cost, physical cost, psychological cost)?. Costs of crime.

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Crime in Australia

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  1. Crime in Australia

  2. Victims • Has anyone been a victim of crime or know of someone that has been a victim of crime? • Examples: property theft, credit card fraud, assault • What was the cost of that crime to the victim (financial cost, physical cost, psychological cost)?

  3. Costs of crime • The Australian Institute of Criminology estimates that crime costs Australia nearly $36 billion a year. • This includes $10.7 billion in police, court and correctional services costs.

  4. Violent crime • Violent crime includes homicide, assault, sexual assault, robbery and kidnapping (sometimes referred to as abduction). • Homicide comprises murder and manslaughter (a). • Robbery comprises the offences of armed and unarmed robbery. Robbery is classified as a violent crime, as the use or threat of violence is considered more serious than the property offence (b).

  5. Location of violent crimes • The ABS classifies crime locations according to the function of the site of the crime. There are three broad location types: • residential—including houses, garages/carports, motels and hostels; • community—including car parks, transport facilities, streets and footpaths, and schools; and • other—including retail premises, recreational facilities, government offices and warehousing/storage.

  6. Property crime • Property crime comprises Unlawful Entry With Intent (UEWI -also referred to as break and enter or burglary), Motor Vehicle Theft and ‘other’ theft, which includes offences such as pickpocketing, bag snatching, shoplifting and bicycle theft.

  7. Location of property crime

  8. Tasmania 2009 - 2010 • 11,600 victims of physical assault • 19,900 victims of malicious property damage • 5,100 victims of thefts from motor vehicles • 152 victims of sexual assault - 133 (88%) of sexual assault victims were female • 125 victims of robbery – 73% were male. Nearly 90% of robbery victims reported that the offender was a stranger.

  9. Recidivism • About 60% of those in custody in Australia have been imprisoned before. • Why do you think people re-offend? • Reoffending behaviour or recidivism can be influence by many factors including poor education and employment history, mental illness and bad physical health, as well as drug and alcohol misuse.

  10. Crime prevention • How could we prevent crime in Australia/ Tasmania/your community? • Crime prevention is any action that causes a reduction in the level of criminal activity and the resulting harm, or in the number of criminal offenders and their victims. • The focus is on the causes of crime rather than its effects • The goal is to significantly reduce or eliminate the factors that can lead to crime.

  11. Crime prevention • Crime prevention can be described in terms of three stages or levels: • Primary prevention • Secondary prevention • Tertiary prevention

  12. Primary crime prevention • Primary crime prevention is directed at stopping the problem before it happens. This could involve: • Reducing opportunities for crime; • Strengthening community and social structures • Examples: social crime prevention (reduce poverty, unemployment initiatives, school-based programs) • Examples: situational prevention (neighbourhood watch programs, educating the community about locking doors, windows etc)

  13. Secondary crime prevention • Secondary crime prevention seeks to change people, typically those at high risk of embarking on a criminal career. The focus can be on: • Rapid and effective early interventions (youth programs) • High-risk neighbourhoods (dispute centres)

  14. Tertiary crime prevention • Tertiary crime prevention focuses on the operation of the criminal justice system and deals with offending after it has happened. • The primary focus is on intervention in the lives of known offenders in an attempt to prevent them re-offending. • Examples: community youth conferencing schemes, community based sanctions, rehabilitation while in prison (education, short courses), tougher penalties to deter others,

  15. Crime prevention • Write down as many crime prevention strategies, programs, organisations and community groups that you can think of that are in place to prevent crime.

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