1 / 28

APPROACHES TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA

APPROACHES TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA. LECTURE 9. Agriculture defined. 60’s & 70’s or earlier - agriculture activities based on race; Malay – work on hereditary land etc < 5 ha growing rice, rubber and fruit trees Indian – plantation workers

rian
Download Presentation

APPROACHES TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. APPROACHES TO AGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA LECTURE 9

  2. Agriculture defined 60’s & 70’s or earlier - agriculture activities based on race; Malay – work on hereditary land etc < 5 ha growing rice, rubber and fruit trees Indian – plantation workers Chinese - plantation workers, vegetable farming English – plantation owners 70’s & 80’s – still based on race Malay – small holding, new land scheme (FELDA etc) Indian – plantation workers, animal rearing Chinese – open new plantation, vegetable farming, animal rearing 80’s until now – Malaysia Incorporated buy over foreign plantations/business (Dunlop > IOI, Harrison & Crossfield >Golden Hope, Guthrie & Sime Darby > PNB

  3. Agriculture - development • During mid 80’s – rapid economic growth lead by the manufacturing sector • National macroeconomic parameter shift from agro-based economic to industry-based economic • Contribution of agriculture to GDP and value: • 1980: 23% (MYR 10.2 b) • 2001: 8.7% (MYR 17.9b) • 2005: 7.5% (MYR20.4b)

  4. Evolution of Agriculture and Forestry Policies • Three agricultural policies • NAP1 (1984-92) • NAP2 (1992-1998) • NAP3 (1998-2010).

  5. NAP 1(1984 -1992) • Effort to improve small holder • Subsidy • Training • Introduce new technology • Introduce commercial concept to farmers • Expansion of the manufacturing sector; altered the relative importance of the agricultural sector in the economy. • Problems during NAP1; • labour shortages and rising wages, • Increasing competition of land for other uses • favourable policies towards industrialisation (not attractive for agricultural investments) • outflow of resources from agriculture.

  6. NAP 2(1992-1998) • Emphasis on productivity, efficiency and competitivenessissues in the context of sustainable development and linkages with other sectors of the economy • The 1997 economic crisis changes the economic structure of Malaysia. • The high imports of food put a serious strain on Malaysia's foreign exchange reserves • NAP2 did not anticipate such rapid and sudden changes in the domestic and international economy. • NAP2 lacks focus on priority areas of agricultural development, a plan of action and mechanisms for its implementation WTO & AFTAchanges the rules of economic games

  7. NAP 3(1998-2010) • The objectives of the Policy are : • to increase food security • to increase productivity and competitiveness of the agricultural sector • to increase networking ties with other sectors • to create new sources of growth in the agricultural sector • to conserve and use natural resources sustainably

  8. NAP4 (2011-2020) • Follows the objective of RMK10 : to become high income country. • Agriculture has its own NKEA (National Key Economic Area) • NAP Changed to: Dasar Agro-Makanan • Covers all crops, includes plantation. • Objectives : • Food security • Increase Income • Looks into the whole food supply-chain.

  9. 12 NKEA RM108 bil GNI RM 67 bil RM121 bil RM 392 bil RM131 bil 131EPP + 60 B0 +RM0.8 tril GNI 92% PSI (RM1.4bil) 3.3 mil jobs USD15,000 GNI per cap RM 59 bil RM 34 bil RM 29 bil RM 53 bil RM 35 bil RM 36 bil RM125 bil 9

  10. DASAR AGRO MAKANAN(DAM 2011 - 2020) 10

  11. DAM (2011-2020) RangkaTransformasiSektor Agro MakananDalamEkonomiBerpendapatanTinggi Jaminan Bekalan Makanan Peningkatan Pendapatan 11

  12. JENIS BUAH-BUAHAN YANG DIFOKUSKAN DALAM DAM Buah untuk dieksport : - Nanas, belimbing, tembikai, betik, pisang dan nangka Buah untuk pemprosesan : - Nanas, nangka dan durian (sejukbeku) Buah untuk eksport jangka masa panjang : - Durian, rambutan dan manggis 12

  13. JENIS BUAH-BUAHAN YANG DIFOKUS DALAM NKEA Nanas

  14. JENIS SAYUR-SAYURAN YANG DIFOKUSKAN DALAM DAM Cili Tomato Jagung Sayuran daun 14 14 14

  15. JENIS HERBA YANG DIFOKUSKAN DALAM NKEA

  16. JENIS HERBA DAN REMPAH RATUS YANG DIFOKUSKAN DALAM DAM 17 * Herba yang difokuskan dalam NKEA

  17. NKEA - AGRICULTURE 16 EPP + 11 BO + GNI RM28.9 bil (Total RM49.1bil) 75 ribu peluang pekerjaan pada 2020 18

  18. SENARAI 16 EPP DOA adalah owner project dalam EPP1 dan EPP7. 19

  19. SENARAI 16 EPP Sambungan … DOA adalah owner project dalam EPP1 dan EPP7. 20

  20. TARGET LOCATION FOR EPP’s DISTRIBUTION ACROSS THE COUNTRY 21

  21. AGRICULTURE EDUCATION Universities, Colleges, Vocational Institutes, In-service Training Centres in various Ministeries (MARDI, FELDA, RISDA, FRIM) Societies such as Incorporated Society of Planters

  22. Research and Development Institutions 1. Public Sector. Malaysian Agricultural Research Development Institute (MARDI), Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB), Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB), Farmer’s Organisation Authority (FOA), Federal Agricultural marketing Authority (FAMA), Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia (LKIM), Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA), Kemubu Agricultural Development Authority (KADA), Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA) (Sungai Tekam), Malaysian Rubber Development Board (MARDEC), and Veterinary Research Institute (VRI) (Ipoh-ruminan, Johor Bahru-poultry), State Agricultural Research Centre.

  23. 2. Private Sector. Organisations include Golden Hope (OPRS, Banting), Applied Agricultural Research Sdn. Bhd. (Sungai Buloh), FELDA Tun Razak Agricultural Services Sdn. Bhd. (Jerantut, Pahang), United Plantation Research (Teluk Intan, Perak), Guthrie Research Chemara (Negri Sembilan), Agricultural Chemical (M) (Prai, Penang; Selama, Kedah), Applied Agricultural Research (Sungai Buloh, KLK & Boustead), DUPONT Malaysia Research (Prai, Penang) and Sime Darby EBOR Research (Klang, Selangor).

  24. 3. Non-Government Organisation. Among the active organisations are Centre for Environment, Technology and Development Malaysia (Cetdem Organic Farm, Selangor), Malaysian Environmental NGO (MENGO, Selangor), Malaysian Nature Society (MNS, KL), and Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Centre (SEAFDEC, Terengganu).

  25. Extension Services Transfer of technology (TOT) in agriculture from research institutions to farmers. TOT is principally the duty of the Department of Agriculture (DoA) Pusat Latihan dan Pembangunan Pengembangan (Telok Chengai, Kedah), MARDI, MRB, MCB, FELDA, Rubber Industries Smallholders Development Authority (RISDA), MADA, KADA, LKIM, FAMA, and National Association of Smallholders (NASH),

  26. Agriculture Enactments To increase market competitiveness on world markets: SALM: Skim Akreditasi Ladang Malaysia (DOA) SOM: Skim Organik Malaysia (DOA) HALAL : JAKIM MPCA: Malaysian Phytosanitary Certification Assurance Scheme (DOA) GMP: Good Manufacturing Practice (SIRIM) HACCP: Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (MOH/FAO) MRL: Maximum Residue Limits (MOH/WHO)

  27. THE END

More Related