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The Smoke Ring: Smoking among Indigenous Australians

The Smoke Ring: Smoking among Indigenous Australians. Raglan Maddox MPH, PhD Candidate | University of Canberra Chanel Webb Tobacco Action Worker | Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health Service

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The Smoke Ring: Smoking among Indigenous Australians

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  1. The Smoke Ring: Smoking among Indigenous Australians Raglan Maddox MPH, PhD Candidate | University of Canberra Chanel Webb Tobacco Action Worker | Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health Service Perri ChapmanTobacco Action Worker | Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health Service

  2. Disclaimer I would like to declare that the findings I am presenting today reflect my own personal views, based on research findings and relevant evidence, and in no way reflect the views of any personal relationships, affiliations or associations that I have, which may give rise to any actual or perceived conflict of interest.

  3. What we will cover today? • Background – smoking • The Smoke Ring study • Preliminary findings • No More Boondah • Conclusions

  4. Chronic disease risk factors - 2010

  5. Indigenous tobacco control initiative commenced March 2008 Quitline enhancement

  6. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smoking story

  7. Aunty Lorraine Webb Wiradjuri & Ngunnawal woman from Cowra, NSW, Australia.

  8. Aims and objectives • Gain a deeper understanding of the factors that influence smoking: • is there an association between social and cultural factors and smoking? • do social networks influence smoking behaviours? • Evaluation

  9. The sample

  10. Preliminary findings: overview • 36.4% (95% CI, 27.8–44.9) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were smokers vs. 11.7% of all ACT residents • 95% (95% CI, 91.2–98.1) of participants aged 12 and over found it ‘very easy’ or ‘fairly easy’ to get tobacco • 41% of smokers could not cut back or quit • 92% (95% CI, 88.3–99.5) of smokers would like to stop smoking

  11. Preliminary analysis The model contained 10 independent variables: • age; • smoking status of the five closest friends and family; • education - Year 12 or equivalent (highschool in the US); • employment status; • gender; • attendance of a cultural event in the last 12 months; • household income; • proportion of friends that smoke; • proportion of housemates that smoke; and • total number of nominated friends that smoke.

  12. Preliminary analysis:Log Regression • The model was statistically significant χ2 (5, N = 49) = 28.491, p < .001, indicating that the model could distinguish between smoking and non-smoking participants. • Explained between 44% (Cox and Snell R square) & 59% (Nagelkerke R squared) of the variance in smoking status, and correctly classified 82% of cases. • Only two of the independent variables made a unique, statistically significant contribution to the model: • completing Year 12 or equivalent • proportion of housemates that smoke

  13. Preliminary analysis:Log Regression

  14. Social Network Analysis

  15. Total network by smoking status, gender and ties

  16. Smoking network by gender and ties

  17. Non-smoking network by gender and ties

  18. Average: smoker vs non-smoker

  19. Preliminary findings: • “Social lubricant”

  20. What is No More Boondah? • A quit smoking program developed by Winnunga that aims to: • support, encourage and facilitate quit attempts • educate on the harms of tobacco and addiction • promote smoke free spaces and workplaces

  21. No More Boondah • Phone and group support • Outreach and education • Facilitates access to pharmacotherapy • Transport to attend weekly group • Trained tobacco workers

  22. Why does No More Boondah work? • Coordinated for and by local Aboriginal people • Provides strategies for change and to support social change • Clients can return to the program as often as necessary • Non-judgmental and flexible environment • Transport and home visits available • Facilitate delivery of quit aids to clients when they are not able to access the service • Evaluation and ongoing improvement

  23. Conclusions • Locally tailored programs and local engagement to meet local community needs • Strategies for change and support for social change • Build on what’s been done - good work has been undertaken but more work is required • “Evidence builds confidence and confidence inspires commitment”

  24. Acknowledgements • We would like to acknowledge and thank the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communityfor their feedback, support, participation, time and willingness to contribute to the process. • We would also like to acknowledge the ACT Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Tobacco Control Advisory Group and the following people: • Dr Tom Calma AO, Chancellor & National Coordinator Tackling Indigenous Smoking • Dr Ray Lovett PhD, MAE, AIATSIS & Australian National University • Ms Anke van der Sterren, Centre for Excellence in Indigenous Tobacco Control • Prof. Rachel Davey PHD, University of Canberra • Prof. Tom Cochrane PHD, University of Canberra • Ms Joan Corbett, University of Canberra • This research is funded by the ACT Government

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