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Islamic Influence in West Africa and India 1200-1450

Islamic Influence in West Africa and India 1200-1450. Chapter 13. West Africa. Arrival by Trade. Muslim traders across Sahara Voluntary Ghana, Mali (Mansa Musa 1312-1337), Songhay Provided link to Muslim trading partners. West African Cities.

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Islamic Influence in West Africa and India 1200-1450

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  1. Islamic Influence in West Africa and India 1200-1450 Chapter 13

  2. West Africa

  3. Arrival by Trade • Muslim traders across Sahara • Voluntary • Ghana, Mali (Mansa Musa 1312-1337), Songhay • Provided link to Muslim trading partners

  4. West African Cities • Became centers for religious and intellectual life • Attracted scholars throughout Muslim world • Timbuktu • 150 Quranic schools • Libraries • Arab became language of religion, education, administration, and trade (did not become language of everyday life) • Did not experience large amounts of Arab migrants like North Africa and the Middle East

  5. IbnBattuta (1325-1354) • Muslim scholar from Morocco • Explored Muslim world • Central Asia, India, China, Southeast Asia, West Africa, and Spain • Most widely traveled man of his times • A lot of what we know from this time period is from his journals

  6. West Africa • IbnBattuta appalled at Mali Muslim women who were “almost naked” and “mingling freely with unrelated men”

  7. India

  8. Islamic Turks • Turkic speaking warriors from Central Asia brought Islam to India • Third largest carrier of Islam, after Arabs and Persians • Began around 1000 – Turkic/Muslim regimes governed much of India until British takeover in 18-19th centuries

  9. Sultanate of Delhi - 1206 • Violent takeover • Smashed Hindu and Buddhist temples • Stole Indian treasures • Used crossbows, horses, and iron stirrups as superior technology to Indian peoples • As their rule progressed, they loosened control • Religious toleration if paid tax

  10. Little Conversion • Never able to claim more than 20-25% of Indian population (unlike Middle East, North Africa, & Persia) • WHY - Islam most rigidly monotheistic, while Hindu probably most prolifically polytheistic, Muslim notion of equality of believers contrasted with Hindu castes, & Muslim sexual modesty offended openness of Hindu art • Some Buddhists and low-caste Hindus were attracted to more egalitarian lifestyle • Some converted to avoid the tax

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