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Changing Our Paradigm for Understanding Adolescent Sexuality

Changing Our Paradigm for Understanding Adolescent Sexuality. Amy Schalet, Ph.D. Ibis Social Science Postdoctoral Fellow June 6 th , 2006. Age of First Sex. Sources: Graaf et al., 2005; United Nations, 2003. Age of First Marriage. Sources: Abma et al., 2004; United Nations, 2003.

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Changing Our Paradigm for Understanding Adolescent Sexuality

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  1. Changing Our Paradigm for Understanding Adolescent Sexuality Amy Schalet, Ph.D. Ibis Social Science Postdoctoral Fellow June 6th, 2006

  2. Age of First Sex Sources: Graaf et al., 2005; United Nations, 2003

  3. Age of First Marriage Sources:Abma et al., 2004;United Nations, 2003

  4. Percentage of Women Who Have Sexual Intercourse Before Age 20 Sources: Darroch et al., 2001; Graaf et al., 2005; Mosher et al., 2005

  5. Public Health Source: Schalet, 2004

  6. Source: Schalet, 2004

  7. Source: Advocates for Youth, 2001

  8. Contraceptive Use at First Intercourse Source: Abma et al., 2004;Graaf et al., 2005

  9. Economic Resources Source: Luxembourg Income Study: Key Figures

  10. Sexual Experience Dutch Adolescents • Felt in Control of Timing of First Sexual Experiences • Enjoyed First Sexual Experiences • Experienced First Intercourse as Mutually Desired and Decided • Engages in Current Sexual Activity within Steady Relationship • Feels in Love with Current Sexual Partner

  11. Sexual Experience American Adolescents • Control: ? • Enjoyment: ? • Mutuality:? • Relationship: ? • In Love: ?

  12. Subjective Experience of Adolescent Sexuality * See Notes Sources: Abma et al., 2004;Albert, 2004; Graaf et al., 2005

  13. Data Collection • Interview Period: 1991-2000 • Interviewees: White, Secular and Moderately Religious Middle Class • Interview Type: Semi-structured In-depth Interviews • 72 Interviews with Boys and Girls, Ages 15-17 • 58 Parent Interviews (Mothers and Fathers) • Interview Content: Variety of Topics • Interviews: 1-2 hours, Taped, Transcribed, and Analyzed with N5

  14. Adolescent Sexuality in the United States

  15. Adolescent Sexuality in the Netherlands

  16. Teenagers in the United States

  17. Teenagers in the Netherlands

  18. Percentage of Women Who Have Sexual Intercourse Before Age 20 Sources: Darroch et al., 2001; Graaf et al., 2005; Mosher et al., 2005

  19. Dramatization of Adolescent Sexuality

  20. Adolescent Sexual Health • (Sexual) Agency • Control over and Ownership of Sexual Decision Making Process • Recognition and Communication of Wishes and Boundaries • Anticipation of and Preparation for Sexual Activity • Pleasure and Enjoyment • Mutuality in Romantic Relationships • Relationships • Emotions • Interactions • Connection Between Parents and Teenagers

  21. Cultural Change in the Netherlands, 1968-1981 • Sexual ATTITUDES change • 1968: < 25% of the adults believed it is right for a girl to have sex with a boy that she loves • 1981: > 60% of the adults believed it is right for a girl to have sex with a boy that she loves Source: Kooy, 1983

  22. United States 65% of respondents say that sex under the age of 18 is never justified The Netherlands 25% of respondents say that sex under the age of 18 is never justified Public Opinion Source: Halman, 1991

  23. Sources: • Abma, J.C., G.M. Martinez, W.D. Mosher, and B.S. Dawson. "Teenagers in the United States: Sexual Activity, Contraceptive Use, and Childbearing, 2002." National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics 23 (24). Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004. • Advocates for Youth. “Adolescent Sexual Health in Europe and the U.S.-Why the Difference?” 2nd Edition. Washington, DC, 2001. • Albert, Bill. "With One Voice: America's Adults and Teens Sound Off About Teen Pregnancy." Washington, DC: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2004. • Darroch, Jacqueline E., Susheela Singh, and Jennifer J. Frost. "Differences in Teenage Pregnancy Rates among Five Developed Countries: The Roles of Sexual Activity and Contraceptive Use." Family Planning Perspectives 33, no. 6 (2001): 244-50 & 81. • Graaf, Hanneke de, Suzanne Meijer, Jos Poelman, and Ine Vanwesenbeeck. "Seks Onder Je 25ste." Utrecht/Amsterdam: Rutgers Nisso Group/Soa Aids Nederland, 2005. • Halman, Lodewijk C.J.M. Waarden in De Westerse Wereld: Een Internationale Exploratie Van De Waarden in De Westerse Samenleving. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press, 1991. • Kooy, G.A. Sex in Nederland: Het Meest Recente Onderzoek Naar Houding En Gedrag Van De Nederlandse Bevolking. 1e druk ed. Utrecht: Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, 1983. • Luxemburg Income Study Key Figures (http://www.lisproject.org/keyfigures.htm) • Mosher, W.D., A. Chandra, and J. Jones. "Sexual Behavior and Selected Health Measures: Men and Women 15-44 Years of Age, United States, 2002." In Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics; no 362. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2005. • Schalet, Amy. "Must We Fear Adolescent Sexuality?" Medscape General Medicine 6, no. 4 (2004). • United Nations. Trends in Europe and North America: The Statistical Yearbook of the Economic Commission for Europe. New York, 2003.

  24. My contact info: Amy Schalet, PhD schaleta@obgyn.ucsf.edu Find Schalet, 2004 “Must We Fear Adolescent Sexuality” at: www.medscape.com/viewarticle/494933

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