Identification and Pre-selection of Projects - I

1. Identification and Pre-selection of Projects - I Training Materials Prepared and Presented by Singha Raj Uprety Former Senior Dirctor, NASC

2. Session Objectives • Conceptual underpinnings of plan, programme and project • Identification of projects • Selection of appropriate project • Necessity of project screening.

3. Plan, Programme, and Project (PPP) Plan? A plan is a vision or imagination of a planner to represent the form or feature of desired situation. proposal sru

4. Desired situation Plan Present situation proposal sru

5. Plan Program and Project Plan Reduce city pollution by 80% To reduce by 80% we need • Garbage management • Traffic management • Clean transport system • Loose-foot markets mgmt • Street dogs and animals mgmt • Security mgmt • ………………. Program Projects

6. Success of plan, programme and projects Success of a plan largely depends upon the: • visionary clarity of planner/s • consistent set of programs and projects • adequacy of resources (fin, tech, human, infrastructures, information, management and environmental niche )

7. Project identification Generally, projects can be identified in relation to: • improve knowledge, skills and attitude of people; • mobilize and/or optimize the value of available resources;

8. Project identification • meet the unmet demand or supply of goods or services; • extend or expand business or service facilities; • protect environment, prevent or mitigate natural and human induced disasters; • earn money, name and fame ; • follow the policy of Gos and I/NGOs

9. act on the recommendations forwarded by research findings, workshop, seminar etc; • act on political (national and international) pressure; • materialize unique and innovative idea (e.g. the Gramin Bank of Bangladesh); • transfer appropriate technology; • settle civil unrest or work for peace building;

10. Project identification • support international mandates like poverty reduction, climate change, environmental protection, good governance, social inclusion, implementation of international protocols and so on;

11. Projects may be for meeting utilitarian value and emotional benefit Projects may be identified to: Make/ save money, save time, avoid effort, get more comfort, improve health, be popular, enrich beatitude,protect assets, satisfy curiosity, satisfy appetite, avoid trouble, avoid criticism, protect reputation, grasp opportunities, satisfy ego, build goodwill / image, increase enjoyment, perform development works, resolve conflict and so on.

12. Sources of Projects L E V E L ? Agency- based S E C T O R ? Interaction-based Opportunity/ Situation based Supply-driven Demand based PROJECTS

13. Profit or Service oriented Private or Public or Mixed Goods producing or Service providing Industrial or Non-industrial Project Screening Projects

14. Reasons for project screening anticipate, acquire and allocate resources in an effective and efficient way

15. Basic considerations in selecting a project From investigators’ view point • Project is of your interest • It matches with your academic background • You have got experience in this field (theory+practice)

16. From organizational standpoint • project is in tune with the national and organizational goal • resources are at hand to commit • gets support of stakeholders to execute it.

17. From relevancy standpoint • Selected project is of quite significance • Project is feasible from different angles • Project is of innovative nature

18. Government Organizations. International NGOs Projects NGOs Private Investors Sources to funding the selected projects Public private partnership

19. Worksheet # Exercise Instruction I List the name of any two projects those are of your interest either from individual or official or community ground.

20. Instruction II • Select projects as per the guidance of your facilitator • In selecting the project/s consider the importance of selected project in relationto : POVERTY REDUCTION, EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL INCLUSION, ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE FRIENDLY, LEGALLY AMICABLE…

21. Rapid appraisal considerations for your selected project Major points to be taken into consideration while doing a cursory appraisal of your project before starting to write proposal.. • Technically feasible • Financially profitable • Economically beneficial • Socially acceptable • Politically neutral

22. Proposal Appraisal considerations • Poverty responsive • Socially inclusive • Market sustainable • Environmentally friendly • Free from legal barriers • Manageable from organizational and working point of view

23. Thanks for your due attention

24. My publications. • Guidelines for Improving Your Skills inProject Proposal Writing with LFA, Report Writing and Report PresentationFifth and Enlarged Edition 2008, • In Nepali version also 2006 • Daibi Prokop Tatha Prokop Vayvasthapan,2062 B.S. (Disaster and Disaster Management: General Concept and Nepalese Context,in Nepali). • Fundamentals of Monitoring and Evaluation,2nd Edition • People's Participation: Lesson for Better Planningpublished in 1999 by NASC.

25. Identification and Pre-selection of Projects - II Proposal Preparation

26. Steps in Project Proposal Writing Decide its mode of operation • Feasibility Study • Baseline Survey Study • Awareness Creation • Work Implementation • Impact Evaluation • Others ……. 1 Determine project topic proposal -sruprety

27. Examples to set project titles A Proposal for Ostrich Farming in Kerua Village (A Feasibility Study) A Proposal for raising Ostrich in Kerua Village A Proposal for the Impact Evaluation Study of Ostrich production in Kerua Village proposal -sruprety

28. 2 Give introduction of selected project • General introduction • Specific introduction proposal -sruprety

29. 3. State the problem or situation benefit of your project Some projects are to be selected to solve dire need (Meet the demand of milk, meat, manure etc.)Some are selected to improve situation e.g. (bread improvement).Some are selected to reap better benefit. (quality livestock). proposal -sruprety

30. * bring an improvement* increase in living standard* empower poor/women* reduce poverty* raise awareness, etc. 4. Set objective/s (general objective followed by specific objectives) Instance of setting general objective proposal -sruprety

31. Instances of setting specific objectives • Raise 100 cows of “X” variety in Harkatar within January 2016 • Produce 5000 cow milk per day • Establish a veterary health service centre to serve 200 cattles a day • Plant 300 masla tree either sides of 2 km roads or location A to B • Increase per capita income of … from Rs 1000 to1300 per year Remember always the "SMART" formula while setting specific objective/s. proposal -sruprety

32. 5. Indicate immediate outputs in quantity and quality from the project and expected other benefits (rationale) 6. Select appropriate method of implementatio to suit the set specific objective/s proposal -sruprety

33. Alternative Methodological Options Alternative methodological options for feasibility study or impact evaluation study proposal -sruprety

34. Some popular methods * Sample survey* Opinion collection * Observation * In-depth study* Rapid Appraisal * Secondary information * Seminar or workshop* Experiment * Group interviews * Interview with key informants proposal -sruprety

35. Alternative methodological options for projects intended to raise awareness • Training, Seminar, Workshop etc. • Education (formal or informal/non-formal) • Communication (verbal, non-verbal, press media, electronic media etc.) • Demonstration (model, drama etc.) proposal -sruprety

36. Alternative methodological options for project implementation Implementation plan • one-shot or phase-based • organization structure and staffing pattern • rules and regulations • activity and time scheduling • monitoring, evaluation and reporting system). proposal -sruprety

37. Implementing agency GO, I/NGO, joint collaboration, people's participation, others. • Implementing approach by project office, contract out, donor or funding agency involvement, if any... ? proposal -sruprety

38. 7. Estimate required resources and budget proposal -sruprety

39. Example of a simple Work Schedule 8. Set work schedule Time in week/month/year Activity 1 2 3 4 5 A B C D proposal -sruprety

40. 9. State the M&E system to be used while implementing your project 10. Mention limitations or assumptions or risk factors while implementing your project proposal -sruprety

41. NS Narrative Summary Important Assumptions/ Risks Objectively Verifiable Indicators(OVI) Means of Verification(MOV) Goal Purpose / Objectives Outputs/ Results Inputs Activities 11. Put it in logmatrix proposal -sruprety

42. In summary, now we can explain about the : • Concept of PPP (plan, program, project)) • Project identification and sources of projects • Project selection process • Guiding steps for writing a project proposal proposal -sruprety

43. I Got it proposal -sruprety