1 / 13

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life. Organic and Inorganic Molecules. Chemical Elements in Living Matter. Living matter consists mostly of four (4) elements: Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N). INORGANIC COMPOUNDS.

rsnyder
Download Presentation

The Chemical Basis of Life

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Chemical Basis of Life Organic and Inorganic Molecules

  2. Chemical Elements in Living Matter • Living matter consists mostly of four (4) elements: • Carbon (C) • Hydrogen (H) • Oxygen (O) • Nitrogen (N)

  3. INORGANIC COMPOUNDS • These are usually SMALL and SIMPLE molecules and LACK combinations of Carbon and Hydrogen. Examples: H2O, NaCl, CO2, HCl, NaOH

  4. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS These molecules are usually LARGE and COMPLEX and they ALWAYS contain CARBON and HYDROGEN combined TOGETHER. Examples: C6H12O6 (glucose), C12H22O11 (sucrose) C50H98O6 (polysaccharide)

  5. CARBOHYDRATES • Contain CARBON (C), HYDROGEN (H), and OXYGEN (O) • Sugars and Starches are carbohydrates • Provide energy for living things • Are made up of one (1) or more SUGAR molecules

  6. (1) Sugar MONOSACCHARIDES SIMPLE SUGARS like GLUCOSE

  7. (2) Sugars DISACCHARIDES DOUBLE SUGARS like Maltose Sucrose Lactose

  8. Many Sugars POLYSACCHARIDES COMPLEX SUGARS CHAINS OF 3 or MORE SUGAR MOLECULES STARCH & CELLULOSE (plants) GLYCOGEN (animals)

  9. LIPIDS – Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen • Fats, Oils, and Waxes • Concentrated Energy Storage • Insulate & Protect (waterproof surfaces) • Major component of cell membranes • Made up of GLYCEROL and FATTY ACIDS

  10. PROTEINS – Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen • Make up parts of muscle, skin, and hair • Make up chemicals such as enzyme and hormones that regulate reactions in body • Made up of long chains of AMINO ACIDS

  11. NUCLEIC ACIDS – Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus DNA BLUE PRINT OF LIFE Hereditary Material Made up of NUCLEOTIDES Double-Stranded Contains the sugar DEOXYRIBOSE

  12. RNA • Helps to make PROTEINS (Protein Synthesis) • Made up of NUCLEOTIDES • Single-Stranded • Contains the sugar RIBOSE

  13. DIAGRAM OF A NUCLEOTIDE 2 3 1 5-Carbon Sugar

More Related