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Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2003

Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2003. Vincent Needham Physics Department Kansas State University http://jrm.phys.ksu.edu/Scouts/. Summary of Course. Describe the purpose and operation of a space transportation system, including: Main components Typical flight profiles

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Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2003

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  1. Space Exploration Merit BadgeApril 2003 Vincent Needham Physics Department Kansas State University http://jrm.phys.ksu.edu/Scouts/

  2. Summary of Course • Describe the purpose and operation of a space transportation system, including: • Main components • Typical flight profiles • Payloads and their missions • Review some history of space exploration • Discuss careers in space exploration • How to learn more... • Launch and recover model rockets

  3. First Controlled Powered Flight Orville & Wilbur Wright 10:35 a.m. 17 December 1903 Kitty Hawk, North Carolina 120 feet in 12 seconds!

  4. Basic Rocketry  Reaction Action 

  5. 2001: Anniversary of Goddard’s Launch

  6. "Professor Goddard does not know the relation between action and reaction and the need to have something better than a vacuum against which to react. He seems to lack the basic knowledge ladled out daily in high schools." 1921 New York Times editorial "Further investigation and experimentation, have confirmed the findings of Isaac Newton in the 17th century, and it is now definitely established that a rocket can function in a vacuum as well as in an atmosphere. The Times regrets the error." 1969 New York Times retraction

  7. The Space Shuttle (First Launch 12 April 1981) • Manned spacecraft • Orbiter • LH/LOX Main Engines (SSME) • Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB)

  8. Solid Rocket Boosters(SRB)

  9. Space Shuttle Main Engines(SSME)

  10. External Tank(ET)

  11. Orbiter

  12. Russkiu Sistema Russian Systems • SL-4 Launcher • Soyuz Spacecraft • Progress Ferry • Mir Space Station 1986 - 2001

  13. SL-4/Soyuz Launcher • Old (1963), but… • Reliable • Rugged • Cheap

  14. 12 April 1961 Yuri Gagarin Launched on Vostok 1 First Man in Space

  15. Soyuz 3 Cosmonauts Station Rescue Progress Modified, Unmanned Soyuz Supply Ferry for Mir & Station Soyuz & Progress

  16. Shuttle Flight Profile

  17. Shuttle Launch STS-107 Columbia 16 January 2003

  18. ET Foam Strikes Left Wing (about 80 secs after launch)

  19. Inside the Shuttle

  20. Flight Controls Payload Systems Flight Deck

  21. Avionics Upgrade

  22. Mid-Deck • Crew quarters • Experiments • Supplies • Extended by • SpaceHab Module • SpaceLab

  23. SpaceLab/Space Station Satellites (Delivered & Repaired!) Payloads

  24. Io & Jupiter Hubble Space Telescope • Launched on 24 April 1990 • Shuttle service calls in: • December 1993 • February 1997 • October 1999

  25. Hubble’s Greatest Hits

  26. Planetary Exploration

  27. Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) Two rovers: Launches: KSC on Delta II 06 June 25 June Landings: Gusev Crater & Miridiani January 2004

  28. SpaceLab • US/European cooperative venture • Similar to Space Station modules • NeuroLab, in April 1998, was the last SpaceLab mission

  29. SpaceHab Gravity Science(Launched 16 Jan, Lost 01 Feb) STS-107/Columbia • Rick D. Husband (Colonel, USAF) • -Cdr, Mechanical Engineering • William C. McCool (Cmdr, USN) • -Pilot, Computer Science • Michael P. Anderson (Lt Col, USAF) • -Payload Cmdr, Physics & Astronomy • David M. Brown, MD (Captain, USN) • -MS1, Biology & Medicine • Kalpana Chawla, PhD • -MS2, Aerospace Engineering • Laurel Blair Clark, MD (Captain, USN) • -MS4, Zoology & Medicine • Ilan Ramon (Colonel, IAF) • -PS1, Elec & Computer Engineering

  30. STS-107 Overview • Science Research • Biology • Medicine • Earth Science • -FREESTAR • -MEIDEX • Physics • -Combustion • Technology

  31. Seen From the Ground

  32. At Work in Orbit Kalpana Chawla and Laurel Clark in the SpaceHab Module

  33. International Space Station • USA • Russia • Europe • Japan • Canada

  34. Mir • Core module launched in 1986 • Phase 1 of the International Space Station • Last visiting U.S. astronaut was Andy Thomas • Final Shuttle-Mir mission was by Discovery on 28 May 1998. • Mir re-entry on 23 March 2001

  35. Station Assembly in 2002  April: STS-110/Atlantis Installs S0 truss segment; station robot arm first used in spacewalking June: STS-111/Endeavour delivers supplies & experiments; 3 spacewalks outfit “railroad” 

  36. Station Assembly in 2002 October – STS-112/ Atlantis delivers the S1 Truss and installs it with 3 spacewalks   STS-113/Endeavourdelivers the P1 truss and the Expedition 6 crew

  37. Space Station Tour

  38. ISS as of December 2002

  39. At Home on the Station • Astronauts must be safe, happy & productive

  40. ISS Expedition 6 Crew Aboard Nov 2002 – May 2003 • Nikolai Budarin • - Cosmonaut • - Mechanical Eng. • Ken Bowersox, Cdr • - Captain, USN • Mechanical & Aero Engineering • Don Pettit, PhD • - Chemical Eng.

  41. Expedition 7 Crew • Yuri Malenchenko, Cdr (Colonel, RAF) • Edward Lu, PhD EE & Applied Physics Launch: Friday April 2510:54 p.m. CDT Docking: Monday April 28 12:56 a.m. CDT

  42. Zarya   Zvezda Unity  Destiny 

  43. Thermal tiles absorb extreme heat Dead-stick landing Energy management is critical Re-entry & Approach

  44. Landing • KSC is preferred spaceport • Edwards AFB is backup • White Sands, NM used once

  45. Pilot’s Eye View

  46. STS-107/Columbia Lost 01 Feb 2003  Amateur astronomers’ video image may show wing trouble Columbia breaks up over Texas 

  47. Columbia Left Wing Leading Edge Foam probably damaged “T-seal” between RCC panels 8 & 9

  48. Things to Come! • June: • - Launch of two Mars Exploration Rovers - Launch of Europe’s Mars Express & Beagle II • Summer: Release of CAIB report • August: Launch of Space IR Telescope Facility • Fall/Winter: • Return of Space Shuttle to ISS - Flight of Rutan Scaled Composite’s SpaceShipOne - First Chinese manned space flight? • December: Wright Brothers centennial celebrations

  49. Mars or Bust! ESA Mars Express orbiter & Beagle II lander Two NASA/JPL Mars Exploration Rovers

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