José L. Diego Valencia Local Police Munich , 26th June 2013

1. The ValueSec Project Valencia Formula 1 GP Mass event José L. Diego Valencia Local Police Munich , 26th June 2013

2. General Scenario 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

3. Scenario Framework Scenario Environment • A mass event with an international approach. • It is located close the sea and the port in a touristic city. • Many authorities, officers, VIPs and other potential targets attractive to terrorists. • High publicity in case of terrorist attack. • It is a street circuit so neighbors and event attendees form a large number of people in the surrounding. • There is a large history of terrorist attacks in this community, especially in touristic places. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

4. Scenario Framework (2) Security Framework – Potential Risks in the Area 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

5. Background 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

6. Scenario Framework (3) Security Framework • Operational coordination of security issues through CECOR, which is formed by rescue team, civil protection, fire brigades, medical service and police forces. • Infrastructures. The stands are detachable metal structure (mecanotube), which means that any explosive action on them would lead to collapse. It would not take large amount of explosive to generate high impact and serious damage. • Easy implementation: Public usually transports bags to carry food. This implies that any attendee could potentially carry a device. Activation may be remote or through a suicidal behaviour, making it almost inevitable action, except for early detection and intelligence out of the environment. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

7. Scenario Framework (4) Security Framework • High density of people would result in high impact in case of an attack. • Complex behaviour. Pedestrians. Example: Love Parade (Germany) (uncontrollable flow of people). • Difficult to control once the filters of the doors are crossed. • Public infrastructure of temporary accommodation (bleachers and service facilities). Low structural strength increases the vulnerability. • The public is essential part of the event. • High media impact for positive and negative effects. Audience of 527 million viewers. What is in line with classic terrorist targets, visibility of their actions. • High economicimpact. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

8. Expected Impacts in Case of Disaster Physical Damages • Buildings and/or infrastructures destroyed or seriously damaged. Economic damages • High lose of tourism business in short and may be long term. • Insurance losses/ payments 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

9. Expected Impacts in Case of Disaster (2) Damages to people • Dead and/or injured people: European scale assessment of physical or psychological injuries (compensation). • Loss of jobs, stores or businesses • Inconveniences and chaos for neighbors • Private investments and recovery labour Consequences for society • Loss of trust in local politics • General atmosphere of uneasiness and fear Consequences for political parties and other institutions • Loss of confidence in the party / institution (Police…) 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

10. Motivation for Security Measures Motivation can be mainly translated into priorities of decision makers: • Prevent the commission of terrorist attacks. • Prevent death and injury of citizens. • Prevent the creation of damage • PublicServices. Infrastructures • Private • Show a positive image of the city and its tourist attractions • Economic cost • Politicalcost (electoral) • Simplicity of implementation • Reduction of terroristactivity • Increasing public safety in the area • Improving the security vision for visitors • Increase in the valuation of policy makers • Increasing the feeling of safety and/or comfort of citizens 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

11. Motivation for Security Measures (2) Unfortunately, in most situations the opinions or rather, the assessment criteria of the decision makers are often not explicit. So a toolkit to identify those criteria, priorities and inconsistencies would enhance the coherence and cost-benefit efficiency of the security decisions. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

12. Security Measures • CCTV with integrated software: • a. Reading license plates. • b. Face Recognition. • c. Intelligent analysis software (dangerous behaviour patterns ...). • - Installation of 1 plates´ reading system in each of the 10 circuit accesses. • - Installation of 5 surveillance cameras with intelligent video analysis for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses. • 2. Arches and scanners in doorways to detect dangerous liquids or metals: • - Installation of 1 metal detector arch for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses. • - Installation of 1 packages´ scanner for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses. • 3. Frequency inhibitors: • - Installation of 27 frequency inhibitors and aerials along the circuit for denying the activation of explosives through mobile frequencies. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

13. Effects of the Measures QUANTITATIVE • Declining crime rates in the area. • Declines in security-related incidents within the circuit. • Increasing economic activity during the Formula 1 • Number of tourists who have known Valencia due to the F1 • Number of citizen complaints for the adopted measures QUALITATIVE • Assessment of safety perception by the public • Trend of positive assessment of the decision makers 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

14. Expected Benefits from the Measures RISK REDUCTION • Early detection of threats and subsequent decreasing of probability that the disaster happens. • Make more difficult for the attacker to carry out the attack. • Better Security feeling and confidence in institutions. IMPACT REDUCTION • Reduction of economical or personal damages. RISK RETENTION • More help for damaged people once the disaster has happened. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

15. Negative Effects from the Measures • Inconveniences for tourists, attendees and neighbors: • Traffic jams • Controls and checks • Cameras recording and scanners (rights at your own picture) • Access at home or work place properly • Communication problems (inhibitors & mobile phones…) • Etc. • Economic cost. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

16. Why VALUESEC? Please, note how soft and unvaluable are some of the described costs and benefits: • Many times it is hard and difficult to quantify properly the cost or benefit of potential security measures. • Also the impact and probability of potential risks is hard to assess. Besides, sometimes decision makers don´t follow rational assessments so decision on measures to be taken is not properly done. Valuesec tools and method help to overcome these deficiences. 261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

17. Thank You Any question? Contact The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement Number 261742. www.valuesec.eu