Overview Building Information Models

1. National Institute of Building Sciences National Building Information Model Standard Industry Foundation Classes Information Delivery Manuals and International Framework for Dictionaries Based on and supporting Overview Building Information Models NIBS National BIM Standard Project Committee November 2006 This presentation is a collaborative product of the NIBS NBIMS Project Committee.

2. BIM - What is it and why use it? • A BIM is a lifecycle information collection point for a facility • A BIM allows for the creation of facility information relationships • A BIM is focused on saving resources (dollars, time and materials) during each phase of the facility life cycle • The more mature the model the more usable it is – but any collected data is better that how we do business today

3. Building Information Model Definition National BIM Standard Definition of BIM – buildingSMART A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.  As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward. A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation founded on open standards for interoperability. The National BIM Standard is part of the global buildingSMART Information Delivery Manual Initiative.

4. Dispose Conceive Renovate Plan Operate Design Build Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006 The building process is not linear… Building is a Verb National Building Information Model Standard

5. Information Exchanges Knowledge over time Dispose Conceive Renovate Plan Operate Design Build Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006 Each cycle should add knowledge Learn and Improve National Building Information Model Standard

6. Information Backbone Information Exchanges Knowledge over time Dispose Conceive Renovate Plan Operate Design Build Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006 Share and re-use information easily Interoperability National Building Information Model Standard

7. Information Backbone Information Exchanges Knowledge over time Dispose Conceive Renovate Plan Operate Design Build Lifecycle Phases © AEdgar 2006 Projects create buildings + lots of information Lifecycle Information National Building Information Model Standard Vendor Project Team

8. What is Building Information Modeling [BIM]? • 2D Lines and Text Building Is a Verb • 3D Polygons • BIM • Virtual Construction • 3D Visual • Coordinated dataset • Interoperable Lifecycle Knowledge Readily Exchanged Real Objects • Installation photo • Built to the model Images courtesy FacilityGenetics, LLC and Ghafari Associates

9. Accurate steel members - Size, weight, performance, cost. Accurate connections Accurate 3D position Simulation of - Installation process & equipment requirements - lighting - structural performance - etc. Overlap with other 3D elements to identify collisions. - Mech, elec, plbg, - Walls, ceilings, FF&E - Access for maint. & repair How Does BIM Work? For Example… Building Is a Verb Courtesy: Kling Lifecycle Knowledge Readily Exchanged Real Objects Lifelike Properties

10. Lifecycle Knowledge Readily Exchanged Real Objects Lifelike Properties Ongoing Uses How Does BIM Work? Data Commissioning for Facilities Operations & Management Building Is a Verb DATA FUNCTION • Real Property • Space • Equipment • Utilities • Maint. Tasks • Instructions • Schedules • Cost • 3D Geometry • Employees • Legal • Fiduciary • Store Ops • Bldg. Ops • Fac. Mgmt • Asset Mgmt COBIE Courtesy:Bentley Systems, Inc. [ Construction to Operations Building Information Exchange ]

11. Lifecycle Knowledge Readily Exchanged Real Objects Lifelike Properties Ongoing Uses How Does BIM Work? All Stakeholders Participate Legal Data Financial Data Geospatial Data Building Is a Verb Designer Data BIM Specifier Data Owner / Occupier Data Sustainers Data Environmentalist Data Courtesy of NIBS National Building Information Modeling Standards Committee

12. Typical ‘Value’ Engineering ! Virtual Building Design Proposed Entry 25% 75% Lifecyclecost Strategy Design Construction Operation Influence vs Cost Curve Cost of Changes Ability to Change Effort

13. Value of Improvements • To-Be • Minimized data loss • Maximized information value Information Value Operation Construction Design Planning • As-Is • Continuous data loss • Value of information reduced Time Information Exchange Losses • Management support information should be: • Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once) • Managed uniformly in standard framework • Securely available 24x7

14. Notional BIM Project Savings Curve This is a draft – a team is working to put actual numbers to these notional curves Procurement Stage Execution Stage Project Delivery Selection Stage Conception Stage Design Stage Construction Documents Stage Utilization Stage Closure Stage Optimized approach with virtual modeling and analysis with reduced change orders & delivery time and lower operating and sustainment costs Typical approach failing to do routine maintenance and having to replace items earlier and more often Typical design/build approach with required maintenance The savings we are currently experiencing with faster delivery and fewer change orders The yet untapped $avings IAI “BuildingSMART” model supports lifecycle data

15. Lifecycle Knowledge Readily Exchanged Real Objects Lifelike Properties Ongoing Uses VALUE Typical BIM Benefits Building Is a Verb • Better understanding of design concepts – shared understanding of issues • More focus on value-added tasks • Faster cycle times • Reduced errors and omissions • Less waste: rework, materials, time • Fewer translation errors and losses • Increased site safety • Better estimates – cost and time

16. Facility Information ViewsOwnersPlannersRealtorsAppraisersMortgage BankersDesignersEngineersCost & Quantity EstimatorsSpecifiersContracts & LawyersConstruction ContractorsSub-ContractorsFabricatorsCode OfficialsFacility ManagersMaintenance & SustainmentRenovation & RestorationDisposal & Recycling Scoping, Testing, SimulationSafety & Occupational HealthEnvironmental & NEPAPlant OperationsEnergy, LEEDSpace & SecurityNetwork ManagersCIO’sRisk ManagementOccupant SupportFirst Responders Graphisoft Who Benefits From BIM Implementation BIM

17. Planning scenarios and site information Architectural program Floor plans Space functions Classified areas, vaults etc. Area calculations Volume calculations Engineering calculations Specifications Contract documents Legal description Change orders Supporting documentation for litigation Shop drawings Procurement documents Progress photographs Alarm diagrams Warranty data Invoices Purchase requests Cost Estimates Organizational occupants Personnel lists Seating plans Handicap designation Network diagrams Hazardous materials Operating manuals Maintenance records Inspection records Electronic 3D model Simulations Continuation of operations plans Disaster Recovery Plans Contingency plans Furniture inventory Facility Data That Could Be Included in BIM

18. Theatre / World Geospatial Information (GIS) Country Installation / Region State / Province Natural Asset County Air / Space City Underground IAI-IFC Usage Site Water / Sea Real Property Asset Land / Parcel Facility / Built Building System Sub-Systems Space Components Level Overlay Room Structure System Sub-Systems Components Space Level Overlay Building information (Building Information Models) Room Linear Structure Node Segment Hierarchical Information Relationships

19. Hierarchical Building Information Relationships Systemsrepresent the physical entities of the building. Systems use NA classifications such as Omni-Class and Uniformat and are transported/exchanged via IFCs Attributes BUILDING Or Structure Metrics IFC objects, relationships, space SYSTEMS –Ex. Structural, MEP, Flooring, Ceiling, Exterior, Walls Spaceis physical in nature, but can be unbounded (have no or cross physical boundaries) but it will always be tied to the physical structure or systems in some way Attributes Attributes Metrics Sub-Systems (part of systems) Metrics Components Overlaysare more abstract data - organizational, operational, functional, financial, non-fixed assets, resources, personnel, etc. that is data tied to the Systems and Space SPACE-Vertical Horizontal, Empty Example SUI,CI Metrics Level (Stories) Room Attributes Standards Void Metrics Vertical Reports or Extracted Data from BIM (examples from all classifications) Attributes Area Gross OVERLAYS – Typically associated with building hierarchy elements. Example Furniture Equipment Phone Net Example Rentable Space Circulation Area Volume Financial Classifications Assets Usable Surface Example Space Assignment Business Group Sq. Ftg. Example Secure Areas Systems Quantities Personnel Zones Linear Ft. Materials & Types Example Marketing Administration Example FCA,MDI Business Groups Metrics

20. Information Exchanges • Programmatic and Project Requirements or Constraints (LEED Silver requested by owner) • Normative standards by which data is collected or managed • (Such as the IBC, NCS, IFC’s and OmniClass™) Control The reason for the information exchange (i.e. Desire to buy doors) Report on Door Objects BIM Output Input The product of the information exchange (i.e. The quantity and specification data used to purchase and deliver doors. The information exchange BIM Existing information already in the BIM is used as input and information that is gleaned from the exchange is also stored in the model (i.e. Attributes about the doors purchased, size, material, cost, instructions, fire rating, etc.) NCS, IFC’s, OmniClass More information is added to the building information model in its appropriate spatially related location

21. Use of Information Exchanges to Support BIM • Requirement & Goal • Standardize on information needed for specific tasks within the building lifecycle • Development based upon open data standards used by all • Provides requirements to software companies • North America data standards • CSI, OMNICLASS, Uniformat • International Bldg Code • CIS/2 and other authorities

22. Case Study – Letterman Digital Arts Center • “Despite numerous design layout changes that were required by Lucas Film Ltd. due to company restructuring, the LDAC project was completed on time and below the estimated budget….over two hundred design and construction conflicts were identified, most of which were corrected before construction, resulting in an estimated savings of over $10 million on this $350 million project.” Courtesy of AECbytes "Building the Future" Article (September 30, 2006) Building Owners Driving BIM: The "Letterman Digital Arts Center" StoryMieczyslaw (Mitch) Boryslawski, Associate AIA Founder, View By View, Inc.

23. Multiple Types of Analysis from the Same Model Global V6 engine plant for General Motors – Flint, MI (Courtesy: GHAFARI Associates)

24. USCG Integrated BIM/Mission Support Approach Identifying Mission Requirements… …Using BIM, Web Services and IFC’s to Support Decisions and Cost Effectively Plan for the Future… …To Provide the Right Products to their Customers based on Mission Requirements

25. Philosophical changein approach Planned information relationships Current Lack of Interoperability B A 2 3 1 3 1 Building A Building B Building C 2 4 4 3 1 2 Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Subject 4 4 C Start with a “BIM Blob” Add shape Add additional information End up with a mature BIM or obtain a complete BIM with new construction Information is available about a subject across all facilities but not about all subjects across all facilities

26. EmergingbuildingSMART-NAInitiative • Draft Role • A Strategy for Improving Facilities • The buildingSMART Alliance will: • Act as a focal point for improving facilities efficiency • Establish consortia arrangements for conducting research, • Conduct forums and workshops, • Manage research and research-related projects, • Disseminate information, • Review work performed by others. • Develop and recommend standards, guidelines and certification programs; • Stimulate innovation in the industry • Promote increased understanding and communications

27. To Read More About It … • WBDG BIM Resource Page: • http://www.wbdg.org/design/bim.php • Intro/overview & list of associations and resources. • NIBS National BIM Standard Committee website: • http://www.facilityinformationcouncil.org/bim/index.php • Join the listserv and/or join the Committee and a Task Team • Assoc. General Contractors (AGC), Contractors’ Guide to BIMhttp://www.agc.org/galleries/marketing-gallery/BIM_ad3.jpg • GSA 3D & 4D Building Information Modeling: • http://www.gsa.gov/Portal/gsa/ep/contentView.do?P=PM&contentId=20917&contentType=GSA_OVERVIEW • Integrated Practice in Architecture, Elvin, Feb.’07 • Mastering Design-Build, Fast-Track, and BIM • http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471998494.html • BSU College of Architecture & Planning: http://www.bsu.edu/cap

28. For More Information • Contact Information • NIBS: Earle Kennett - ekennett@nibs.org • Chairman: Deke Smith - deke@dksic.net • Task Team Chairpersons • Fundraising: Ric Jackson - jackson@fiatech.org • Business Process Integration: Dave Jordani - djordani@jordani.com • Scoping: Dianne Davis - d.davis@aecinfosystems.com • Development: Bill East - Bill.W.East@erdc.usace.army.mil • Testing: Patrick Suermann - suermann@ufl.edu • Communications: Alan Edgar – aredgar@facilitygenetics.com • NBMIS: www.facilityinformationcouncil.org/bim/index.php Thank You