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Numbering Systems for Alloys

Numbering Systems for Alloys. Ref: “Engineering Materials – Properties and Selection”, K.G. Budinski and M. K. Budinski, 7 th ed., Prentice Hall, 2002 (Chap. 8 – 16). How can you tell the others exactly which kind of material you want?. What do these codes mean?. AISI 1020 steel

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Numbering Systems for Alloys

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  1. Numbering Systems for Alloys Ref: “Engineering Materials – Properties and Selection”, K.G. Budinski and M. K. Budinski, 7th ed., Prentice Hall, 2002 (Chap. 8 – 16)

  2. How can you tell the others exactly which kind of material you want?

  3. What do these codes mean? • AISI 1020 steel • ASTM A 29 grade 1020 steel • UNS G10200 • SAE 1006 • 6061-T6 • 3003-H38

  4. What You Should Include in the Specifications of a Material? • Description: e.g. steel, hot-finished, low-carbon, bar, ASTM A29 grade B • Dimension • Chemical composition • Mechanical properties • Dimension tolerance: LWH, flatness, etc. • Finish: hot-rolled, cold rolled, patterned • Special requirements: heat treatment, texture, etc.

  5. Ferrous Alloys

  6. Some Specifications applicable to Steel Products and other Metals

  7. Classifications of Steel

  8. The Most Widely Used System for Designating Steels SAE-AISI

  9. Unified Numbering System (UNS) • Developed by ASTM and SAE • Not a specification but only identify an alloy covered by other standards • The 5 digits closely related to the original identification system. E.g. AISI 1020 = G10200 • Adopted by the Copper Development Association as official identification system for Cu alloys

  10. Most Frequently Used Carbon and Alloy Steels in the US • SAE 1010: formed sheet-metal parts • SAE 1020: general machine applications • SAE 1040: flame- or induction-hardened parts • ASTM A36: structural steel • SAE 4140: high-strength machine parts • SAE 4340: high-strength machine parts • SAE 8620: carburized wear parts

  11. Tool Steel Categories

  12. Tool Steel Types • High alloy content and thus high hardenability • Melted by electric furnace for cleanliness and alloy content control • Melted in small heats and subjected to tight quality control

  13. Stainless Steel Family

  14. Crucial Properties of Stainless Steels

  15. A Repertoire of Stainless Steels

  16. A Repertoire of Stainless Steels

  17. Aluminium Alloys

  18. Wrought Aluminium Alloys – Aluminum Association designation system Indicate the Al content above 99%, e.g. 1040 has 99.40% Al Second digit designates mill control on specific elements The last two digits have no significance, except…

  19. Cast Aluminium Alloy Designations The last digit indicates product form: 0 for a casting, 1 for ingot form

  20. Additional Designation of the state of the Aluminium Alloy • Al alloys can be precipitation hardened and work-hardened to different extents.

  21. Types of Strain Hardening and thermal treatment

  22. Degree of Strain Hardening • The second digit indicate the degree of strain hardening • 1 indicates smallest amount of cold-work and 8 indicates maximum of cold work

  23. Temper Designations

  24. Temper Designations Other variations can be denoted by adding more digits after these designations

  25. Examples • 3003-H38: 3003 alloy cold finished to full hard temper and stress relieved by a low temperature treatment • 6061-T6: 6061 alloy, solution heat treated and furnace aged hardened.

  26. Wrought alloys 1100 (pure Al) 2024* 3003 5052 6061* 6063* 7075* Sand Cast 355.0* Die Cast 380.0 Most commonly used Aluminium alloys *: can be age hardened Blue shaded: mainly for aerospace applications

  27. More to come… • Steels and Al alloys are the most widely used alloys • Other important classes are Cu alloys, Mg alloys, Ni alloys and Ti alloys, etc. • ASM Metals Handbook or ASTM yearbooks are always good places to start when looking for the alloys information

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