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League of Nations

League of Nations. What did it do? Established the mandate system Mandates – former colonies/territories of defeated Central Powers administered by mainly France and Great Britain. Iraq, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria are examples of mandate territories. League of Nations. Why did it fail?

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League of Nations

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  1. League of Nations • What did it do? • Established the mandate system • Mandates – former colonies/territories of defeated Central Powers administered by mainly France and Great Britain. • Iraq, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria are examples of mandate territories

  2. League of Nations • Why did it fail? • United States did not become a member – US wants to “isolate” itself from Europe (isolationism) • L of N did not have the power to enforce its decisions

  3. United States • Wanted isolation from the rest of the world. • Dominant world economy after WWI • Led to economic “boom” = immense prosperity. • People borrowed money on credit for goods and stocks.

  4. Great Britain • Horrors of war deeply impacted British society and economy. • Lost factory jobs to USA and Japan • Labour Party (worker’s party) won general elections in the 1920’s.

  5. France • Devastated by WWI • Economic hardship • High unemployment, gov’t nearly bankrupt • Political chaos • No party could get a majority • Horrors of War • 50% of men ages 18-32 killed in war

  6. Italy • Resented Treaty of Versailles • Did not give enough rewards to Italy • High unemployment and inflation • Political and economic chaos led to the election of Mussolini and his Fascist government in 1924.

  7. Germany • Anger and Resentment over the Treaty of Versailles. • Weimar Republic - democratic gov’t elected in 1919. • Reparations caused economic hardships in Germany • Loans from the US led to a period of relative prosperity in the 1920’s. • But…Political unrest still occurs… • Rise of Adolf Hitler

  8. Russia • Lenin’s NEW ECONOMIC POLICY • Changes name – now U.S.S.R • Lenin Dies » Stalin in power • 1st FIVE YEAR PLAN • Industrialization • Collectivization

  9. Japan • After WWI – felt West did not treat it as an equal. • Industrialization – need for raw materials • Wanted more control in China • Increasingly nationalistic and militaristic

  10. TURNING POINT The Stock Market Crash

  11. The Stock Market Crash • Causes • Overproduction in USA – prices go down sharply • Excessive dependence on credit to buy goods and stocks – people cannot pay debts • High protective tariffs stifle world trade

  12. The Stock Market Crash • OCTOBER 1929 • Banks call in loans • People unable to pay off their credit bills • Stock prices tumble • Businesses start to fail, laying off workers • RESULTS IN…

  13. The GREAT DEPRESSION • WORLDWIDE effects • Production of goods cut around the world • Prices, Salaries, and Wages fell (Deflation) • Many workers lost their jobs • 13 million in the USA alone

  14. United States • Franklin D. Roosevelt elected Pres. in 1932 • NEW DEAL –Fed gov’t would spend money, put workers back to work. • Regulated banks, stock market • Social security and unemployment insurance

  15. France • Fascists and Communists constantly battled for influence among workers • 1934 – Socialist-led gov’t comes to power • Passed many laws that benefited workers and farmers

  16. Germany • 1929 – Hitler appeals to German workers - He can bring back economic prosperity/German national pride (nationalism). • 1930’s – NAZI’s win big in elections • 1933 – Hitler is appointed “Chancellor” or leader of the German gov’t

  17. Russia • Results of the FIVE YEAR PLAN • Workers work for little, no pay • Food is scarce • Famine • 1930’s - Great Purge – Stalin tries to “eliminate” his “enemies”

  18. Japan • Japan dependent on US market – Great Depression in USA carried to Japan • Millions unemployed, starving • Military leaders promised stable leadership and national pride (nationalism) • Eyed imperial expansion in Asia

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