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CPU and Pins

CPU and Pins. A CPU is a VLSI chip All chips have some pinout as its interface CPU pins typically grouped by function data bus control and arbitration coprocessor coordination status and snooping. Common Pin Groups. The Bus. It’s just a bunch of wires

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CPU and Pins

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  1. CPU and Pins • A CPU is a VLSI chip • All chips have some pinout as its interface • CPU pins typically grouped by function • data • bus control and arbitration • coprocessor coordination • status and snooping

  2. Common Pin Groups

  3. The Bus • It’s just a bunch of wires • Perhaps the second most important component in the whole system • Motherboards not just built around CPU • CPUs come with “buddies” called chipsets

  4. Bus = Pile of Wires

  5. The Modern Bus = Caste System

  6. Pentium II Bus Layout

  7. Intel Chipset

  8. How Many Layers? • Typically multiple buses in one system • Problem is creating appropriate layers • Usually each layer coordinates components with similar speed • Ideally the arrangement matches usage • Then next problem is how to coordinate multiple components

  9. Bus Arbitration • Sometimes CPU chip contains arbitration • Other times a separate chip handles this • Hence the idea of a chipset • Bus is a shared resource • only allow one user at a time • Key arbitration mechanism is priority list • Highest priority component always wins • Smarter buses will prevent starvation

  10. Arbiter Manages Requests

  11. Arbitration via Daisy Chaining

  12. Arbitration via Priority Encoder

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